Intellectual Disability: Definition, Classification, Causes and Characteristics

A collection of flashcards summarizing key terms and concepts related to intellectual disability, including definitions and classifications.

Intellectual Disability

A condition characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, originating before age 18.

Adaptive Behavior

The collection of conceptual, social, and practical skills that are learned and performed by people in their everyday lives.

IQ Score

A score derived from standardized tests designed to measure intellectual functioning; an IQ below 70 is used to define intellectual disability.

Organic Basis

A biological cause for intellectual disability, often relating to genetic or prenatal factors.

AAIDD

American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities; organization that provides definitions and classifications of intellectual disabilities.

Learning Set

A systematic pattern of learning and memory that individuals, particularly children with intellectual disabilities, develop over time.

Self-Regulation

The ability to manage one's behavior and emotions, which in individuals with intellectual disabilities, is often underdeveloped.

Practical Skills

Everyday skills needed for personal care and independence, such as handling money and following schedules.

Environmental Factors

External conditions or influences, such as poverty and neglect, that can contribute to the development of intellectual disabilities.

DSM-V

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; the authoritative guide for diagnosing mental disorders, which includes criteria for intellectual disability.

Intermittent Support

Support that is provided as needed, which may be episodic or during significant life transitions.

Mild Intellectual Disability

A category of intellectual disability characterized by an IQ range of 55-69, with delays in development but potential for some independence.