bio: genetics

which stage of photosynthesis will amino acids be joined together during photosynthesis.(1)

translation

Explain why protease is added to the mixture when wanting to to extract DNA from fresh peas. (2)

protease breaks down protein

breaks down protein in the cell

Explain how the Human Genome Project has contributed to advances in medicine.(2)

HGP can identify genes

and can identify mutated genes

Describe the structure of DNA.(6)

2 strands of double sides helix

with bases A,T,C and G

bind to their complementary bases

De-oxyribonucleic acid

2 back bones

1 sugar,1 phosphate

nucleotide: sugar/phosphate, base

A and T are 2 hydrogen bonds

C and G are 3 hydrogen bonds

phosphodiester bonds

Describe how mRNA is produced during transcription.(4)

RNA polymerase bonds to non-coding region

complementary strand made from nucleotides

complementary bases are copied

A to U and C to G

Give a reason why one platelet had different coloured leaves.(1)

mutation

the question in the pic

4 bases

a change in DNA is called a mutation

the human genome identifies genetic diseases

and the risk of developing it

allow the individual to modify their lifestyle to reduce the risk

better understanding of diseases

HGP has determined the location of genes

provide personalised medicines