TBQ chat 19-21-22

Which of the following is the type of cell largely responsible for type I hypersensitivity responses?

Mast cell

Type I hypersensitivities require which of the following initial priming events to occur?

sensitization

Which of the following are the main mediators/ initiators of type II hypersensitivity reactions?

antibodies

Inflammatory molecules are released by mast cells in type I hypersensitivities; type II hypersensitivities, however, are characterized by which of the following?

cell lysis (cytotoxicity

An immune complex is an aggregate of which of the following?

antibody and antigen molecules

Which of the following is a common treatment for type III hypersensitivity reactions?

anti-inflammatory steroid treatments

Which of the following induces a type III hypersensitivity?

accumulation of immune complexes in tissues and small blood vessels

Which one of the following is not an example of a type IV hypersensitivity?

hemolytic disease of the newborn

Which of the following is an example of an organ- specific autoimmune disease?

Addison disease

Which of the following is an example of a systemic autoimmune disease?

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Which of the following is a genetic disease that results in lack of production of antibodies?

agammaglobulinemia

Which of the following is a genetic disease that results in almost no adaptive immunity due to lack of B and/ or T cells?

severe combined immunodeficiency

All but which one of the following are examples of secondary immunodeficiencies?

chronic granulomatous disease

Cancer results when a mutation leads to which of the following?

loss of cell-cycle control

Tumor antigens are ________ that are inappropriately expressed and found on abnormal cells.

self-antigens

___________ glands produce a lipid-rich substance that contains proteins and minerals and protects the skin

Sebaceous

Which layer of skin contains living cells, is vascularized, and lies directly above the hypodermis?

the dermis

Staphylococcus aureus is most often associated with being

coagulase-positive

M protein is produced by

Streptococcus pyogenes

______ is a major cause of preventable blindness that can be reduced through improved sanitation

Trachoma

Which species is frequently associated with nosocomial infections transmitted via medical devices inserted into the body?

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Warts are caused by

human papillomavirus

Which of these viruses can spread to the eye to cause a form of keratitis?

herpes simplex virus 1

Cold sores are associated with

herpes simplex viruses

Which disease is usually self-limiting but is most commonly treated with ganciclovir if medical treatment is needed?

roseola

Adenoviruses can cause

viral conjunctivitis

____ is a superficial fungal infection found on the head.

Tinea capitis

For what purpose would a health-care professional use a Wood’s lamp for a suspected case of ringworm?

to visualize the fungus

Sabouraud dextrose agar CC is selective for

non-saprophytic fungi

The first-line recommended treatment for sporotrichosis is

itraconazole

Which of the following is most likely to cause an Acanthamoeba infection?

swimming in a lake while wearing contact lenses

The parasitic Loa loa worm can cause great pain when it

travels through the conjunctiva

A patient tests positive for Loa loa antibodies. What does this test indicate?

The individual was exposed to Loa loa at some

Which of the following is not directly connected to the nasopharynx?

lacrimal glands

What type of cells produce the mucus for the mucous membranes?

goblet cells

Which of these correctly orders the structures through which air passes during inhalation?

pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi

The ___________ separates the upper and lower respiratory tract

epiglottis

Which microbial virulence factor is most important for attachment to host respiratory tissues?

adhesins

Which of the following does not involve a bacterial exotoxin?

Q fever

What disease is caused by Coxiella burnetii?

Q fever

In which stage of pertussis is the characteristic whooping sound made?

paroxysmal

What is the causative agent of Q fever?

Coxiella burnetii

Which of these microbes causes “walking pneumonia”?

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Which of the following viruses is not commonly associated with the common cold?

varicella-zoster virus

Which of the following viral diseases has been eliminated from the general population worldwide?

smallpox

What term refers to multinucleated cells that form when many host cells fuse together during infections?

syncytia

Which of the following diseases is not associated with coronavirus infections?

German measles

Which of these viruses is responsible for causing shingles?

varicella-zoster virus

Which of these infections is also referred to as Valley fever?

coccidioidomycosis

Which of the following is not caused by a dimorphic fungus?

aspergillosis

Which of the following is caused by infections by bread molds?

mucormycosis

In the United States, most histoplasmosis cases occur

in the Mississippi river valley

Which of the following infections can be diagnosed using a skin test similar to the tuberculin test?

histoplasmosis