Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism Flashcards

Flashcards for Chapter 6: An Introduction to Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Reactants

The starting molecules of a chemical reaction.

Products

The final molecules of a chemical reaction.

Energy

The ability to promote change or do work.

Kinetic Energy

Energy associated with movement.

Potential Energy

Energy due to structure or location.

Chemical potential energy

The energy in molecular bonds, is a form of potential energy.

First Law of Thermodynamics

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be transformed from one type to another.

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Transfer of energy from one form to another increases the entropy (degree of disorder) of a system.

Entropy

A measure of the disorder that cannot be harnessed to do work.

Gibbs free energy

The amount of energy available to do work.

Enthalpy

Total energy.

Exergonic

Spontaneous, releases energy.

Endergonic

Not spontaneous, requires addition of energy to drive reaction.

ATP hydrolysis

Breaking the covalent bond which links phosphate groups by adding water.

Hydrolysis

Breaking covalent bond by adding water