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69 Terms

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What are macromolecules?

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Large molecules that are critically important to all living things.

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  1. What is the prefx
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'Poly-' used for in

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macromolecules?

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It indicates many or multiple.

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  1. What are monomers? The basic building blocks of macromolecules.
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  1. What are polymers? Large molecules formed by the joining of monomers.
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  1. What is dehydration
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synthesis?

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A process where monomers join together to form polymers by removing

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water.

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  1. What is hydrolysis? A process that breaks down polymers into monomers by adding water.
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  1. What are the four
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main types of macromolecules?

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Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.

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  1. What are monosaccharides?
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The simplest form of carbohydrates, serving as monomers.

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  1. What are disaccharides?
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Carbohydrates formed by two monosaccharides.

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  1. What are polysaccharides?
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Carbohydrates that are made up of long chains of monosaccharides.

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  1. What are triglycerides? A type of lipid that consists of three fatty acids and glycerol.
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  1. What is the diference between saturated Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats have one or more double bond What are phospholipids?
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Lipids that make up cell membranes, consisting of two fatty acids and a

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phosphate group.

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  1. What are nucleotides? The monomers that make up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.
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  1. What are the functions
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of proteins?

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They serve various functions including making up the fbers of muscles,

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structural support, transport, and catalysis of reactions.

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  1. What are examples of
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foods that contain carbohydrates?

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Bread, pasta, rice, and fruits.

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  1. What are examples
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of foods that contain

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lipids?

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Butter, oils, and avocados.

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  1. What are examples of
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foods that contain proteins?

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Meat, beans, and dairy products.

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  1. What are examples of
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foods that contain nucleic acids?

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All foods derived from living organisms, including fruits, vegetables, and

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meats.

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  1. What are the
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monomers of proteins?

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amino acids

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  1. What elements make
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up carbohydrates

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C, H, O

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2 / 3

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Macromolecules in Biology

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Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hptyfk

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  1. What elements make
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up Proteins?

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CHON

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  1. What elements make
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up lipids?

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C, H, O

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  1. What elements make
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up nucleic acids?

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C, H, O, N, P

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  1. What are the functions
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of nucleic acids?

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store and transmit genetic information

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  1. What are the components of a lipid molecule?
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fatty acids and glycerol

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  1. What is an enzyme? a protein that works as a catalyst