naming of tumors

lipoma

benign fatty growth

-oma

typically used to denote BENIGN tumors

carcinoma/sarcoma

specific terms such as ____ to denote malignant tumors

leiomyoma

benign tumor of smooth muscle

carcinoma

tumor of surface epithelium

adenocarcinoma/carcinoma

tumor of glandular tissue / benign tumor of glandular tissue

osteosarcoma/osteoma

tumor of bones / benign tumor of bones

chondrosarcoma

malignant tissue of cartilage

hemangiosarcoma

malignant tumor of blood vessels

leiomyosarcoma

malignant tumor of smooth muscle

rhabdomyosarcoma

malignant tumor of skeletal muscle

blastoma/neuroblastoma

denot tumor of neural tissue/ malignant tumor of nerve cells

lymphoma

cancer of lymphatic system

defies naming convention ALWAYS malignant.

lymphoma

cancer of skin

defies naming convention ALWAYS malignant.

leukemia

cancer of WBCs

defies naming convention ALWAYS malignant.

cachexia

due to angiogenesis & other factors

comes w/ anorexia, early satiety, weight loss, weakness, altered cell metabolism

patients have sunken featers

leads to anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia

hyperplasia

increase in # of cells due to increased rate of division

ex liver regenerates

metaplasia

reversible replacement of one mature cell by another type of less differentiated cell, due to chronic injury/irritation

strat squam epi of lungs replace normal colum cili epi of bronchial lining due to smoke

reversible upon removal of irritant

dysplasia

abnormal changes in size shape organization of mature cells due to persistent severe cell injury or irritation

can be called “pre cancer”

pap smear can reveal changes