CPAR REVIEWER

American Colonial Period

A historical period in the Philippines characterized by the influence of American governance and culture.

Cruciform Churches

Churches built in the shape of a Latin cross, often associated with the Baroque style.

Baroque Style

An artistic style known for grandeur, drama, and elaborate details that appeal to emotions.

San Agustin Church

A notable example of Baroque architecture located in Manila.

Morong Church

A church in Rizal known for its architectural significance during the American colonial period.

Paoay Church

A church in Ilocos Norte celebrated for its distinct Baroque architecture.

Santo Imagery

Religious icons made of ivory and wood based on classical and Baroque models.

Retablo

An altar piece that integrates architecture and sculpture, often adorned with elaborate designs.

Via Crucis

A series of 14 paintings or relief sculptures depicting Christ's crucifixion and resurrection.

Pasyon or Pabasa

A biblical narration of Christ's passion chanted in an improvised melody.

Awit and Korido

Musical forms that are chanted stories based on European literature popular among peasants.

Zarzuela

An operetta that features singing, dancing, and prose dialogue.

Severino Reyes

A distinguished playwright known for writing sarsuwelas in Tagalog.

Doctrina Christiana

The first printed book in the Philippines that compiled Christian teachings and catechetical materials.

Jose Luciano Dans

An artist known for his painting depicting purgatory and the soul's journey.

Hell Mural

A mural by Jose Dans depicting a terrifying image of hell to warn of sin's consequences.

Senakulo

The first Passion play written in 1704 performed during Lent.

Painting

An art form that became popular depicting landscapes and still life during the American Colonial period.

Fernando Amorsolo

Known as the first National Artist of the Philippines, famous for illuminated landscapes.

Victorio C. Edades

A pioneer of Philippine Modernism reacting against Neoclassical art.

Sculpture

An art form that often represents historical events in the context of Filipinos.

Japanese Occupation

Period of Japanese control in the Philippines during World War II.

Francisco Santiago

Known as the Father of Kundiman Art Song, a prominent musician during the American colonial period.

Kundiman

A traditional genre of music in the Philippines focusing on love and cultural sentiments.

Jose Nepomuceno

Considered the Father of Philippine Cinema.

Cultural Center of the Philippines

Opened in 1966, it was a significant contribution to the arts.

Social Realism (SR)

An art movement exposing societal issues through artistic expression.

Art Association of the Philippines

Established in 1948 to encourage Filipino artists through competitions.

PETA

Philippine Educational Theater Association, founded to promote critical arts.

Golden Age of Philippine Cinema

A period during the late 1940s to early 1960s characterized by major film productions.

Economic Context

Aspect impacting art production and trends due to financial conditions.

Cultural Context

Influence of cultural background on the creation of contemporary art.

Institutional Context

How the exhibition spaces affect viewer engagement and interpretation of artworks.

Personal Context

Refers to the individual experiences that inform an artist's work.

Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA)

An award recognizing folk and indigenous artists preserving cultural traditions.

Qualifications for GAMABA

Criteria an individual must meet to be recognized as a master of traditional folk art.

Benefits of GAMABA Awardee

Includes title recognition, cash awards, and medical benefits provided by the government.

Honorata "Atang" dela Rama

The most celebrated leading actress in the Tagalog zarzuela.

Pasyong Nakatayo

A performance tradition that includes chanted narratives about Christ's passion.

Modern Art

An art movement focusing on new ideas and mediums in response to traditional forms.

Symbolic Sculpture

Artworks that represent significant historical events and cultural themes.

Emerging Technologies in Art

The use of digital tools that allow for innovative artistic expressions.

Marcos Era Art Movement

Artworks that responded to socio-political conditions during Martial Law.

Martial Law Context

Surrounding social conditions that influenced art during the Marcos regime.

Social Transformation through Art

The role of art in reflecting and shaping societal changes.

Filipino Playwrights

Writers who produced significant theatrical works during American and later periods.

Censorship Challenges

Restrictions faced by artists during the oppressive periods of colonization.

Cultural Preservation

Efforts made by artists to maintain traditional practices amidst modern influences.

Artistic Freedom

The ability of artists to express themselves without suppression.

Sculptural Techniques

Methods used by sculptors to create three-dimensional works.

Contemporary Art Signature

Unique characteristics defining modern artistic expressions today.

Filipino Cultural Heritage

The practices and legacies of Filipinos that are preserved through art and tradition.

Artistic Collaboration

Working together among artists to enrich cultural and artistic outputs.

Historical Reflection in Art

Art that portrays historical events and societal issues.

Filipino Artistic Innovation

The creation of new forms and expressions by Filipino artists.

Visual Representation of Beliefs

Artworks that reflect the spiritual or cultural beliefs of a community.

Folk Art Techniques

Traditional methods used by Filipino artists to create culturally significant pieces.

Indigenous Art Forms

Art styles that originate from the native cultural practices of a community.

New Mediums in Filipino Art

The utilization of different materials such as plastics and metals in creative works.

Art as Resistance

Artworks that challenge social injustices and oppressive regimes.

Historical Awareness in Art

The conscious reflection of historical context within artistic expression.