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American Colonial Period
A historical period in the Philippines characterized by the influence of American governance and culture.
Cruciform Churches
Churches built in the shape of a Latin cross, often associated with the Baroque style.
Baroque Style
An artistic style known for grandeur, drama, and elaborate details that appeal to emotions.
San Agustin Church
A notable example of Baroque architecture located in Manila.
Morong Church
A church in Rizal known for its architectural significance during the American colonial period.
Paoay Church
A church in Ilocos Norte celebrated for its distinct Baroque architecture.
Santo Imagery
Religious icons made of ivory and wood based on classical and Baroque models.
Retablo
An altar piece that integrates architecture and sculpture, often adorned with elaborate designs.
Via Crucis
A series of 14 paintings or relief sculptures depicting Christ's crucifixion and resurrection.
Pasyon or Pabasa
A biblical narration of Christ's passion chanted in an improvised melody.
Awit and Korido
Musical forms that are chanted stories based on European literature popular among peasants.
Zarzuela
An operetta that features singing, dancing, and prose dialogue.
Severino Reyes
A distinguished playwright known for writing sarsuwelas in Tagalog.
Doctrina Christiana
The first printed book in the Philippines that compiled Christian teachings and catechetical materials.
Jose Luciano Dans
An artist known for his painting depicting purgatory and the soul's journey.
Hell Mural
A mural by Jose Dans depicting a terrifying image of hell to warn of sin's consequences.
Senakulo
The first Passion play written in 1704 performed during Lent.
Painting
An art form that became popular depicting landscapes and still life during the American Colonial period.
Fernando Amorsolo
Known as the first National Artist of the Philippines, famous for illuminated landscapes.
Victorio C. Edades
A pioneer of Philippine Modernism reacting against Neoclassical art.
Sculpture
An art form that often represents historical events in the context of Filipinos.
Japanese Occupation
Period of Japanese control in the Philippines during World War II.
Francisco Santiago
Known as the Father of Kundiman Art Song, a prominent musician during the American colonial period.
Kundiman
A traditional genre of music in the Philippines focusing on love and cultural sentiments.
Jose Nepomuceno
Considered the Father of Philippine Cinema.
Cultural Center of the Philippines
Opened in 1966, it was a significant contribution to the arts.
Social Realism (SR)
An art movement exposing societal issues through artistic expression.
Art Association of the Philippines
Established in 1948 to encourage Filipino artists through competitions.
PETA
Philippine Educational Theater Association, founded to promote critical arts.
Golden Age of Philippine Cinema
A period during the late 1940s to early 1960s characterized by major film productions.
Economic Context
Aspect impacting art production and trends due to financial conditions.
Cultural Context
Influence of cultural background on the creation of contemporary art.
Institutional Context
How the exhibition spaces affect viewer engagement and interpretation of artworks.
Personal Context
Refers to the individual experiences that inform an artist's work.
Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA)
An award recognizing folk and indigenous artists preserving cultural traditions.
Qualifications for GAMABA
Criteria an individual must meet to be recognized as a master of traditional folk art.
Benefits of GAMABA Awardee
Includes title recognition, cash awards, and medical benefits provided by the government.
Honorata "Atang" dela Rama
The most celebrated leading actress in the Tagalog zarzuela.
Pasyong Nakatayo
A performance tradition that includes chanted narratives about Christ's passion.
Modern Art
An art movement focusing on new ideas and mediums in response to traditional forms.
Symbolic Sculpture
Artworks that represent significant historical events and cultural themes.
Emerging Technologies in Art
The use of digital tools that allow for innovative artistic expressions.
Marcos Era Art Movement
Artworks that responded to socio-political conditions during Martial Law.
Martial Law Context
Surrounding social conditions that influenced art during the Marcos regime.
Social Transformation through Art
The role of art in reflecting and shaping societal changes.
Filipino Playwrights
Writers who produced significant theatrical works during American and later periods.
Censorship Challenges
Restrictions faced by artists during the oppressive periods of colonization.
Cultural Preservation
Efforts made by artists to maintain traditional practices amidst modern influences.
Artistic Freedom
The ability of artists to express themselves without suppression.
Sculptural Techniques
Methods used by sculptors to create three-dimensional works.
Contemporary Art Signature
Unique characteristics defining modern artistic expressions today.
Filipino Cultural Heritage
The practices and legacies of Filipinos that are preserved through art and tradition.
Artistic Collaboration
Working together among artists to enrich cultural and artistic outputs.
Historical Reflection in Art
Art that portrays historical events and societal issues.
Filipino Artistic Innovation
The creation of new forms and expressions by Filipino artists.
Visual Representation of Beliefs
Artworks that reflect the spiritual or cultural beliefs of a community.
Folk Art Techniques
Traditional methods used by Filipino artists to create culturally significant pieces.
Indigenous Art Forms
Art styles that originate from the native cultural practices of a community.
New Mediums in Filipino Art
The utilization of different materials such as plastics and metals in creative works.
Art as Resistance
Artworks that challenge social injustices and oppressive regimes.
Historical Awareness in Art
The conscious reflection of historical context within artistic expression.
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