2023-24 Academic Decathlon Social Science

count how many "John"s there are

Bill Gates

Founder of Microsoft

Charles Babbage

Invented Difference Engine & Analytical Engine mechanical calculation devices

Dennis Ritchie

Developer of Unix OS

JCR Licklider

Inventor of ARPANET (Internet's predecessor)

John Kemeny

Developer of BASIC

John McCarthy

Developer of timesharing

Jony Ive

Designer of Apple iMac, iPod and iPhone

Ken Thompson

Developer of Unix OS

Linus Torvalds

Creator of Linux

Mark Zuckerberg

Creator of Facebook

Norm Abramson

Inventor of ALOHAnet (first wireless computer network)

Steve Jobs

Founder of Apple and NeXT, Mac architect

Thomas E Kurtz

Developer of BASIC

Tim Berners-Lee Inventor of World Wide Web

Amazon

Amazon Web Service (2002), early cloud computing service

Android

Made smartphone OS, bought by Google to become smartphone manufacturer

Apple

Mass-market PCs and OS which popularized personal computing

Facebook

Social media site by Mark Zuckerberg

Google

Web browser giant, known for SaaS products like G Suite

IBM

AKA International Business Machines, early computer developer of OS

Instagram

Social media site relying on smartphone cameras, bought by Facebook

Microsoft

Founded by Bill Gates, developed Microsoft BASIC and OS, known for SaaS products like Office suite

SaaS

Software as a service

Samsung

Android manufacturer

Wikipedia

Crowdsourced free encyclopedia invented by Ward Cunningham

ALOHAnet

First wireless computer network

ARPANET

First long distance computer network

BINAC

First commercial computer

Bravo

First graphical user interface based word processor

CTSS

First timesharing system

EDSAC

First practical stored program computer

Email

First "killer app"

EMCC

First commercial computer company

ENIAC

First electronic programmable general purpose computer

FORTRAN

First popular high level programming language

Manchester Baby

First stored program computer

Mosaic

First popular graphical browser

PDP-8

First successful minicomputer

info.cern.ch

First website

VisiCalc

First digital spreadsheet

Clifford Berry and John Atanasoff

Creators of the ABC

ABC

Atanasoff-Berry Computer

Frederic Williams and Max Newman

Inventor of the Manchester Baby

Howard Aiken

Designer of IBM's Mark I computer

J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly

Inventors of the ENIAC

John von Neumann

Main EDVAC developer

Kenneth Olsen

Founder of Digital Equipment Corporation

Konrad Zuse

German computer inventor

Maurice Wilkes

EDSAC inventor

Steve Wozniak

Developer of Apple II

Herman Hollerith

Creator of 1890 tabulating census machine

Alan Turing

Developer of basic computer theory models

Grace Hopper

Programmer and inventor of first compiler and researcher of computer languages

John Backus

Developer of FORTRAN

Robert Noyce and Jack Kilby

Inventor of integrated circuit

Jay Forrester

Leader of Project Whirlwind

Fernando Corbato

Developed CTSS timesharing

Robert Taylor

Manager of Xerox PARC research

Douglas Englebart

Inventor of mouse

Robert Metcalfe

Inventor of Ethernet

Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore

Founders of Intel

Paul Allen

Microsoft employee, co-developer of BASIC

Computing-Tabulation Recording Company

Founder: Thomas J Watson Sr. Later named IBM in 1924

Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation

Creator of UNIVAC and BINAC

Remington Rand

Bought EMCC (Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation)

Sperry Gyroscope

Bought Remington Rand, renamed it Sperry Rand

Burroughs

Failed at electric computers, bought Electrodata

NCR

Began in accounting, bought Computer Research Corporation

Honeywell

50s and 60s computer company currently makes non-computer products

CDC

Discontinued 50s and 60s computer comapny

Digital Equipment Corporation

Founder: Kenneth Olson. Created PDP series

Dell Computer Corporation

Began upgrading PCs and selling PCs by mail

Andrew Tanenbaum

Creator of Minix OS

Eric Bina and Marc Andreesen

Developers of Mosaic

James Gosling

Creator of Java

Gordon Moore

Creator of Moore's law

Tim Paterson

Creator of QDOS/MS-DOS

Richard Stallman

Founder of GNU and open source movement

David Hilbert

German mathematician who proposed Entscheidungsproblem

Vannevar Bush

Inventor of Differential Analyzer

COMTRAN

IBM's business programming language

FLOW-MATIC

UNIVAC's business programming language

FACT

Honeywell's business programming language

COBOL

US Government's business programming language

LISP

AI programming language

Java

Runnable on all PCs, adds features to HTML

C++

Contemporary language influenced by C

Python

Snake-named contemporary language influenced by C

BASIC

Programming language for high-school and uni

Objective C

Yet another contemporary language influenced by C

Leonard Kleinrock, Donald Davies, and Paul Baran

Devleopers of store and forward packet switching

Vint Cert and Bob Kahn

Creators of TCP/IP, Internet protocol

Alan Kay

Creator of Smalltalk language and object oriented programming

Barbara Kiskov Creator of CLU language

Ted Hoff

Inventor of Intel 4004 microprocessor

Gary Kildall

Creator of CP/M OS and founder of Digital Research

Ted Nelson

Inventor of term "hypertext"

Satoshi Nakamoto

Inventor of bitcoin and blockchain

Ada Lovelace

Mathmetician and algorithm writer

Nationaln Cash Register Company

Fired Thomas J Watson Sr who later created IBM