PTSD and substance abuse 505

PTSD diagnosis

people who have experienced or witnessed a traumatic event

Criterion A (PTSD)

Intrusion

(1 or more symptoms)

• intrusive, repeated, involuntary memories or distressing flashbacks

can’t go a day without thinking about it

Criterion B (PTSD)

refers to the re-experiencing of the traumatic event

• Repeated distressing dreams about the traumatic event. 

Criterion C(PTSD)

Avoidance

(1 or both symptoms)

• avoiding thoughts/feelings and/or reminders of traumatc event

make effort to forget/ avoid memory

Criterion D(PTSD)

Alterations in Cognition and Mood

(2 or more symptoms)

• inability to remember important aspects of traumatic event

more irritable

more negative

• then before incidence

Criterion E(PTSD)

Alterations in Arousal and Reactivity

(2 or more symptoms)

• irritability or angry outbursts, behaving recklessly or in self-destructive manner, being overly watchful of surroundings

body has physical reactions

• ex: hypervigilant, tingling, jumpy

Women _____ more likely as men to have PTSD

2 times

when does PTSD usually manifest

within first 3 months

Typical Course (PTDS)

Unpredictable- commonly a chronic conditon

symptoms must persistent more than _______to be diagnose for PTSD

one month

What groups are disproportionately affected and have higher rates of PTSD

U.S. Latinos

African Americans,

American Indians

what groups report having experienced fewer traumatic events

African Americans, Asian Americans, and Natve Americans

Women with PTSD

2.48x more likely to meet criteria for alcohol abuse or dependence

4.46x more likely to meet criteria for drug abuse or dependence

Men with PTSD

2.06x more likely to meet criteria for alcohol abuse or dependence

2.97x more likely to meet criteria for drug abuse or dependence

Client factors (PTSD)

Ongoing and distorted beliefs about oneself or others

•ex: “I am bad” or “no one can be trusted”

distorted thoughts about the cause or consequences of event

• leads to wrongly blaming self or others

being unable to experience positive emotions

what performance skills are mainly affected with PTSD

process skills

effects on performance patterns (PTSD)

avoidance and reckless behaviors largely affect ability to perform roles

Typical Evaluaton/Assessment (PTSD)

Comprehensive and Collaborative Evaluation

• identify needs, trauma triggers, and environmental barriers

Cognitive Assessment

• blocks out memory

  w

Life Skills/IADL Assessment

Trauma Informed Care

acknowledges prevalence of trauma

creating safe environment

promotng resources to achieve health

NOT an intervention

third most common military-connected disability

PTSD

professionals that have a high risk of developing PTSD

first responders(police, fire, EMS)

healthcare workers

substance use disorder (SUB) diagnosis

affects a person’s brain and behaviors that leads to an inability to control the use of a legal or illegal drug or medications

categories of SUB symptoms

impaired control

social problems

risky use

physical dependence

impaired control

requires more substance to get through the day

ex: try to cut down but can not

social problems

neglecting responsibility and relationships

risky use

ex: bring flask to work

physical dependence

body can not function without

Uppers (Types of Drugs)

Stmulants

ex:

• Adderall

• Cocaine

• Ecstasy

• Meth

• Nicotne

Downers (Types of Drugs)

depressants

ex:

• Alcohol

• heroin

• Xanax

• prescription painkillers

Meth

Speed, chalk

Ecstasy/Molly

Jelly beans

Scooby snacks

Cocaine

• dust

• snow

• crack

• Batman

LSD

• Purple Haze

• Yellow Sunshine

Hydrocodone

• bananas

• fuff

Oxycodone

• berries

• blues

Alcohol

• sauce

• juice

• liquid courage

most common disorders related to marijuana and prescription pain relievers

substance use disorder

70% of users who try an illegal drug by ______ will develop a substance use disorder within _______

age 13

7 years

what state has the naton’s highest rate of overdose deaths at

West Virginia

Typical Evaluation/Assessment (SUD)

Assess readiness to stop using

“Grading” use of substance is NOT an appropriate OT

Do Not:

• instead of drinking 5 drinks, drink 2 instead