microbio final

immune response

body's physiologial response to eliminating antigens

second line defense

cellular (leukocytes), molecular (complement proteins, iron proteins)

innate

first/ second line, specific, non-memory (skin, mucous)

adaptive

third line, specific, memory (humoral)

chemical barriers

antimicrobial peptide

main goal of 1st line of defense, block entry

innate purposes

epidmiology

monitoring disease occurrences to promote public health and study among people groups

Goals of Epidemiology

1. describe nature, causes, extent of new/old disease in population
2. to intervene/ promote health

endotoxins

release when gram negative die and are made of lipids, less toxic, and cause fever

exotoxins

actively released from gram negative and gram positive, high toxicity, sometimes fever

classes of exotoxins

type 1, type 2, type 3
type 1- toxin binds at host plasma membrane to generate a signal then effects the host so no toxins can enter

TH to TC cells

t helper cells aid in immune response using CD4
tc is target infected cells that are dangerous to host using CD8

virulence

describes describes toxicitiy and severity of pathogen

Analytical

what, why, how

descriptive

where, who, when

cytokines

stimulates inflammation and actives chemotaxis

granulocytes

neutrophils, basophils, eospinphils, mast cells

agranulocytes

lymphocites, monocytes, dendritic

LD, ID50

lethal does= higher the dose, lower the infection

pathogenicity

ability to cause disease

pandemic

whole world disease

endemic

common cold

epidemic

rapid spread in one region ebola

sporadic

isolated spontaneous infection

communicable

human to human

non communicable

everything else (zootic, indirect)

t cell, b cell screening

gene shuffaling

haptogen

incomplete antigen, cannot cause infection, not recognized by antibodies

fever goals

increases immune response, replication decreased, decreased iron needed

neutrophils

first line of defense of WBC

compliment activation classical pathway

a cascade that boosts effectiveness of innate immune response

iron binding proteins

ferratin, hemoglobin, lactoferrin, transferrin, cytoforce takes nutrients

leukocytes

aid in infection

extracellular enzymes

breakdown nutrients

goals of inflammation

heat