Introduction to Maps topic 1.1 ap classroom (notes and flashcards)

Flashcards covering key vocabulary, concepts regarding maps, thematic data, patterns, and map projections.

Reference Maps

Informational maps we refer to for information about physical and manmade features.

Thematic Maps

Maps that tell a story about quantifiable, measurable data.

Choropleth Maps

Thematic maps using colors or shading to represent data.

Dot Maps/Distribution Maps

Thematic maps showing distribution, pattern, or spread of information using dots.

Graduated Symbol Maps

Thematic maps where the size of the symbol changes based on the quantity of data.

Isoline Maps

Thematic maps using lines to show areas of equal value; concentration is a darker color.

Cartograms

Thematic maps where the physical size changes according to the value of the data.

Geospatial Data

Data connected to a particular place on Earth.

Absolute Measurement

Measuring location, distance, and direction using precise numerical values.

Relative Measurement

Measuring location, distance, and direction in relation to other locations; qualitative measurement.

Pattern vs. Process

Pattern: What you see (the where). Process: The explanation (the why).

ESPN Factors

Economic, Social, Political, Environmental factors that explain patterns.

Clustered Patterns

Grouped, nucleated, clumped, concentrated patterns.

Dispersed Patterns

Distributed, scattered, spread-out patterns.

Map Projection

Displaying a curved surface on a flat surface, leading to distortion.

Conformal Projection

Map projections preserving shape but distorting size.

Equal Area Projection

Map projections preserving size but distorting shape.

Mercator Projection

Map projection where lines of latitude and longitude meet at right angles; distorts size.

Gall-Peters Projection

Map projection showing significant stretching and shape distortion.

Robinson Projection

Compromise map projection balancing size and shape distortion.

Goods Interrupted Homolosine Projection

Map projection interrupting oceans to better show land mass size and shape.