Gym final 10th grade

Bowling History

Game traced to Stone Age; origins in Egypt and Germany.

Objective

Players roll balls to knock down pins; highest score wins.

Bowling Lane

Narrow alley, 42in wide, 60ft long; area for players to approach.

Scoring System

10 pins/frame; Strike (X) for all pins with 1st ball; Spare (/) for all pins with 2nd ball.

Final Frame

10th frame allows 2 extra deliveries for strike, 1 for spare.

Lane Material

Made of pine/maple wood or laminated plastic; oiled for ball spin.

Gutter

Alongside lane to catch off-course balls; returns balls via pinspotter.

Bowling Ball

Made of hard rubber/plastic; 27in circumference; has finger/thumb holes.

Bowling Pins

Made of maple strips coated in plastic; placed in equilateral triangle.

Glossary: Gutter ball

Ball in gutter; returned to player.

Glossary: Lofting

Dropping ball instead of rolling; poor technique.

Glossary: Open frame

Frame without spare or strike.

Glossary: Return

Machine returning ball after delivery.

Glossary: Split

Pins left with more than a ball's width between.

Glossary: Strike out

Finish game with multiple strikes in a row.

Glossary: Triple/Turkey

Three strikes in a row.

Pickleball

A sport with formalized rules played on a 20' x 44' court with a net approximately 36' on the sides and 34' in the center.

Pickleball Paddle

The official equipment used by each player in Pickleball.

Wiffle Ball

An official ball used in Pickleball, approximately the size of a baseball.

Serve

In Pickleball, a player must serve diagonally across the net, clearing the non-volley area, with only one service attempt allowed.

Fault

In Pickleball, a fault can include hitting the ball out of bounds, not clearing the net, stepping into the non-volley area, or volleying before the double bounce rule.

Double Bounce Rule

In Pickleball, each team must play their first shot off the bounce before being able to volley the ball.

Volley

To hit the ball in the air without letting it bounce in Pickleball, with feet behind the non-volley zone line.

Scoring

In Pickleball, a team can only score a point when serving, with the game played to 11 points and requiring a two-point win margin.

Soccer

A game played on a rectangular field with two teams of 11 players each, aiming to score goals by advancing the ball over the goal line.

Goalkeeper

In soccer, the player who protects the goal and is the only one allowed to use hands within the penalty area.

Forwards

Players in soccer who are the primary attackers on offense, aiming to score goals.

Midfielders

Players in soccer who play both offense and defense, controlling the flow and speed of the game.

Defenders

Players in soccer who help guard the goal area and prevent opponents from scoring.

Dribbling

A soccer skill involving a series of short taps on the ball to advance it by a single player.

Passing

A soccer skill involving a kick or heading to get the ball to an open teammate.

Trapping

A soccer skill used to stop and control the ball using the feet.

Shooting

Kicking or heading the ball toward the goal for a score in soccer.

Throw-in

A method of restarting play in soccer after the ball goes out of bounds.

Heading

Using the forehead to pass, score, or bring the ball to ground level in soccer.

Tackling

A soccer skill used to get the ball from an opponent or steal the ball.

Dodging

A soccer skill used to keep control by evading an opponent.

Fouls

In soccer, fouls are called for various actions like charging, pushing, kicking, or holding players from the opposing team.