Reactions in chemistry

Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid Type of Reaction:

Oxidation

Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid Mechanism:

None

Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid Reagents:

Kr₂Cr₂O₇ + Dilute H₂SO₄

Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid Conditions:

H.U.R or Tollens

Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid Name of Product:

Propanoic Acid

Aldehyde to Alcohol Type of Reaction:

Reduction

Aldehyde to Alcohol Mechanism:

None

Aldehyde to Alcohol Reagents:

NaBH₄ (aq)

Aldehyde to Alcohol Conditions:

H.U.R

Aldehyde to Alcohol Name of Product:

Ethanol ( propan-2-ol otherwise)

Aldehyde to Hydroxynitrile Type of Reaction:

Addition

Aldehyde to Hydroxynitrile Mechanism:

Nucleophilic

Aldehyde to Hydroxynitrile Reagents:

KCN + Dilute H₂SO4

Aldehyde to Hydroxynitrile Conditions:

H.U.R

Aldehyde to Hydroxynitrile Name of Product:

2-Hydroxypropanenitrile

Haloalkane to Amine Type of Reaction:

Subsitution

Haloalkane to Amine Mechanism:

Nucleophilic

Haloalkane to Amine Reagents:

NH₃ (CH₃CH₂Br afterwards aswell)

Haloalkane to Amine Conditions:

Ethanol, H.U.R

Haloalkane to Amine Name of Product:

Ethylamine

Haloalkane to Nitrile Type of Reaction:

Subsitution

Haloalkane to Nitrile Mechanism:

Nucleophilic

Haloalkane to Nitrile Reagents:

KCN (conditions in ethanol as a solvent, bc haloaklanes dont mix well with water)

Haloalkane to Nitrile Conditions:

Propanone Solvent, H.U.R

Haloalkane to Nitrile Name of Product:

Propanenitrile

Nitrile to Amine Type of Reaction:

Reduction

Nitrile to Amine Mechanism:

None

Nitrile to Amine Reagents:

LiAlH₄ (Lithium Aluminium Hydride)

Nitrile to Amine Conditions:

in Ether, H.U.R

Nitrile to Amine Name of Product:

Propylamine

Acyl Chloride to Acid Amide Type of Reaction:

Subsitution

Acyl Chloride to Acid Amide Mechanism:

Nucleophilic

Acyl Chloride to Acid Amide Reagents:

NH₃

Acyl Chloride to Acid Amide Conditions:

R.T.P

Acyl Chloride to Acid Amide Name of Product:

Ethanamide

Nitrile to Carboxylic Acid Type of Reaction:

Hydrolosis

Nitrile to Carboxylic Acid Mechanism:

None

Nitrile to Carboxylic Acid Reagents:

HCl (aq)

Nitrile to Carboxylic Acid Conditions:

H.U.R

Nitrile to Carboxylic Acid Name of Products:

Propanoic Acid

Haloalkane to Alcohol Type of Reaction:

Substitution (know it’s Hydrolosis)

Haloalkane to Alcohol Mechanism:

Nucleophilic

Haloalkane to Alcohol Reagents:

NaOH (aq)

Haloalkane to Alcohol Conditions:

Warm

Haloalkane to Alcohol Name of Product:

Ethanol

Alcohol to Aldehyde Type of Reaction:

Oxidation

Alcohol to Aldehyde Mechanism:

None

Alcohol to Aldehyde Reagents:

K₂Cr₂O₇ (aq) + Dilute H₂SO₄

Alcohol to Aldehyde Conditions:

Warm and Distill

Alcohol to Aldehyde Name of Product:

Ethanal

Alcohol to Haloalkane Type of Reaction:

Substitution

Alcohol to Haloalkane Mechanism:

None

Alcohol to Haloalkane Reagents:

NaCl, conc H₂SO₄

Alcohol to Haloalkane Conditions:

Warm

Alcohol to Haloalkane Name of Product:

Chloroethane

Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid to Ester Type of Reaction:

Esterification

Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid to Ester Mechanism:

None

Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid to Ester Reagents:

conc H₂SO₄

Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid to Ester Conditions:

H.U.R

Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid to Ester Name of Product:

Ethyl Propanoate

Ester to Carboxylic Acid and Alcohol Type of Reaction:

Hydrolysis

Ester to Carboxylic Acid and Alcohol Mechanism:

None

Ester to Carboxylic Acid and Alcohol Reagents:

HCl (aq) or H2SO4 NOTES

Ester to Carboxylic Acid and Alcohol Conditions:

CHECK H.U.R

Ester to Carboxylic Acid and Alcohol Name of Product:

Propanoic Acid and Ethanol

Carboxylic Acid to Acyl Chloride Type of Reaction:

Substitution

Carboxylic Acid to Acyl Chloride Mechanism:

None

Carboxylic Acid to Acyl Chloride Reagents:

SOCl₂

Carboxylic Acid to Acyl Chloride Conditions:

R.T.P

Carboxylic Acid to Acyl Chloride Name of Product:

Propanoyl Chloride

Carboxylic Acid to Acid Anhydride Type of Reaction:

Dehydration

Carboxylic Acid to Acid Anhydride Mechanism:

None

Carboxylic Acid to Acid Anhydride Reagents:

H₃PO₄

Carboxylic Acid to Acid Anhydride Conditions:

Heat

Carboxylic Acid to Acid Anhydride Name of Product:

Ethanoic Anhydride

REACTION 18 ammonium salt? what is the reaction even supposed to be

(Question for James)

Hydroxynitrile to Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Type of Reaction:

Hydrolysis

Hydroxynitrile to Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Mechanism:

None

Hydroxynitrile to Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Reagents:

HCl(aq)

Hydroxynitrile to Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Conditions:

H.U.R

Hydroxynitrile to Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Name of Product:

2-Hydroxypropanoic Acid (Latic Acid)

Hydroxycarboxylic Acid to Haloalkanic Acid Type of Reaction:

Substitution

Hydroxycarboxylic Acid to Haloalkanic Acid Mechanism:

None

Hydroxycarboxylic Acid to Haloalkanic Acid Reagents:

NaBr + conc H₂SO₄

Hydroxycarboxylic Acid to Haloalkanic Acid Conditions:

H.U.R

Hydroxycarboxylic Acid to 2-Bromopropanoic Acid Name of Product:

2-Bromopropanoic Acid

Haloalkanic Acid to Amino Acid Type of Reaction:

Substitution

Haloalkanic Acid to Amino Acid Mechanism:

None

Haloalkanic Acid to Amino Acid Reagents:

NH₃ in excess Ethanol

Haloalkanic Acid to Amino Acid Conditions:

H.U.P

Haloalkanic Acid to Amino Acid Name of Product:

2-Aminopropanoic Acid

Phenol to Nitrophenols Type of Reaction:

Substitution (Nitration)

Phenol to Nitrophenols Mechanism:

Substitution (electrophilic?)

Phenol to Nitrophenols Reagents:

Dilute HNO₃

Phenol to Nitrophenols Conditions:

Warm

Phenol to Nitrophenols Name of Products:

2-Nitrophenol and 4-Nitrophenol

Phenol to Halophenol Type of Reaction:

Substitution (Halogenation)

Phenol to Halophenol Mechanism:

Substitution (Electrophilic)

Phenol to Halophenol Reagents:

Br₂ (aq)

Phenol to Halophenol Conditions:

Warm