A&P (Systems, Necessary Life Functions, Survival Needs, Dividing up the body (u1)

Cell

The smallest part of any living organism

Tissue

Similar cells with a common function

Organ

Two or more different tissues

System

Group of organs working together

Integumentary (system)

Forms external body covering, protects deeper tissue, synthesizes vitamin D, location of sensory receptors

Skeletal (system)

Supports body organs, provides for muscles to move, where blood cells come from, minerals

Muscular (system)

Manipulation of environment, locomotion, posture, expression

Nervous (system)

Control system, responds to internal changes/external changes by activating muscles/glands

Endocrine (system)

glands secrete hormones that regulate growth, reproduction, nutrient use, etc.

Cardiovascular (system)

blood vessels transport blood which carries oxygen, nutrients, etc. Heart pumps blood.

Lymphatic (system)

picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels, disposes of debris, houses woc.

Respiratory (system)

keeps blood supplied w/ oxygen, removes carbon dioxide, gas exchange.

Digestive (system)

breaks down flood into absorbable nutrients, indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated

Urinary (system)

Eliminates nitrogen, regulates water balance, electrolyte and acid base balance

Reproductive (system)

produces cells used in sexual reproduction, production of offspring

Maintaining Boundaries (necessary life functions)

lets some substances in and keeps others out

Movement (necessary life functions)

Internal movement and ability to move through our surroundings

Responsiveness (necessary life functions)

sensing and reacting to changes in our environment

Digestion (necessary life functions)

breaking down and absorbing nutrients

Metabolism (necessary life functions)

building large molecules from smaller ones and breaking down larger ones into smaller ones

excretion (necessary life functions)

removal of waste

Reproduction (necessary life functions)

production of offspring

Growth (necessary life functions)

Increase in cell size or overall body size

Nutrients (survival needs)

through metabolism and digestion

Oxygen (survival needs)

heart and lungs

Normal body temperature (survival needs)

skin, blood, muscles

Water (survival needs)

allows molecules to move through the body

Normal atmospheric pressure (survival needs)

provides gas exchange between lungs and environment

What does the dorsal body cavity enclose and protect with meninges? (Body Cavities)

The brain and the spinal cord.

What organs do the ventral body cavities protect? (Body Cavities)

The visceral organs.

What are the 3 divisions the ventral body cavities are divided into? (Body Cavities)

Thoracic, Abdominal, and Pelvic.

The ventral body cavities are lined with a double-layered membrane called what?

The serosa.

What are the inner and outer layers of the serosa called? What fluid is between the two layers?

Inner layer is called visceral serosa, outer is parietal serosa. Fluid is called serous fluid.

Organs in Right Upper Quadrant of Abdominal cavity (Abdominal Cavity)

small + large intestines, gal bladder, right kidney, part of stomach, part of liver, small part of pancreas

Organs in Left Upper Quadrant of Abdominal cavity (Abdominal Cavity)

Small + large intestines, left kidney, the rest of pancreas, most of stomach, liver

Organs in Right Lower Quadrant of Abdominal cavity (Abdominal Cavity)

small + large intestines, right ureter, appendix, right reproductive organs

Organs in Left Lower Quadrant of Abdominal cavity (Abdominal Cavity)

small + large intestines, left ureter, left reproductive organs