Reversible Growth Disorder I

reversible growth disorder

Adaptive mechanisms by a cell, which can change its form or function in response to sublethal stress or injury in order to survive

true

(True/False) The removal of the causative agent in cell or tissue enables it to revert back to its normal from and function.

numerical atrophy

Reduction in the number of cells

quantitative atrophy

reduction in the size of individual cells

physiological atrophy

part of an involusion process

adequate hormonal stimulation and are no longer wanted

In physiological atrophy, tissues do not receive ______

thymus or bursa of fabricius

An example of physiological atrophy is the involution of the _________

uterus

Post partum changes in the _____ is an example of physiological atrophy

Physiological atrophy - reduction in the fetal structure (umbilical vessel)

what kind of atrophy?

ductus arteriosus to ligamentum arteriosum

What fetal structure reduced in size and an example of physiological atrophy?

True - It involutes if the female is not preggy

(True/False) Involution of the normal corpus luteum is considered a physiological atrophy

senile atrophy

Physiological atrophy associated with aging (wrinkled skin)

1. Deficient nutrition to an area

2. lack of innervation

3. necrosis of cells

4. pressure of disuse

5. Defective feedback mechanisms in case of endocrine glands

Possible causes of pathological atrophy

gross - smaller organ

microscope - fewer or smaller cells

Describe a pathological atrophy grossly and microscopically

disuse atrophy

decrease workdload

fracture

immobilized limb

inactive in the stable

race horse (pathological atrophy)

vascular atrophy

pathological atrophy that is caused by decrease blood supply

• long standing ischemia

• anemia

• chronic passive hyperemia

list causes of vascular atrophy mentioned in the slide

• adrenal gland atrophy

• thyroid gland atrophy

loss of hormonal stimulation (endocrine atrophy) causes…

pressure atrophy

Testicular tumor presses the surrounding seminiferous tubules

• Muscle atrophy

• Individual fiber atrophy

Two types of Denervation atrophy or loss of innervation

muscle atrophy

Type of denervation atrophy that is caused by loss of nerve stimulation (neurogenic atrophy)

Individual fiber atrophy

A type of denervation atrophy where it becomes smaller then disappears

Metabolic atrophy - atrophic intestinal villi

What causes malabsorption syndrome?

Starvation atrophy

When glycogen and fat disappear followed by proteins of the muscles and finally proteins of the vital organs, what type of pathological atrophy is associated with this descriptions?

abiotrophy

Premature degeneration after a normal development

cerebellar abiotrophy in dogs

One example of abiotrophy

organ hypertrophy

Increase size of an organ

cellular hypertrophy

increase size of the individual cell