Jerusalem Final

the destruction of the roman second temple occurred in the year ______

70 CE

completion of the building of the dome of the rock occurred in the year ____

691

crusader conquest of jerusalem took place in ____

1099

the capture of jerusalem by the Caliph Umar took place in ____

638

the council of Nicaea took place in the year ____

325

who rebuilt the second temple?

King Herod

Herod remodeled jerusalem in the year ____

20 BCE

following the destruction of the city, the roman emperor _____ renamed it Aelia Capitolina

Hadrian

this roman emperor constructed a large north-south road through the city called the _____

cardo maximus

as part of emperor Hadrian’s rebuilding of the city, he ordered a temple to the goddess _____ to be built on the western hill

Aphrodite

in the year 313, the byzantine emperor _____ issued the edict of _____

Constantine, Milan

this edict made christianity a _____ religion in the roman byzantine empire

legal

in the year _____, the council of _____ recognized that the city of jerusalem should have an honored position in the empire, granting it imperial backing/funding

325, Nicaea

Constantine issues the construction of the church of the ______ on the western hill of the city

anastasis

the church historian _____ of Caesarea describes the earliest account of Constantine’s excavations of the site of the tomb of Jesus

Eusebius

at the council of calcedon in 451, the church affirmed the _____ of Jesus of Nazareth

divinity

as part of the treaty of this council, the church also identified the virgin Mary as the _____ (god bearer)

theotokos

after the 5th century, the byzantine emperor _____ dedicated a massive basilica style church on the western hill to the virgin Mary

justinian

the name of this church was called the ______

Nea church (new church)

the remains of this church built by Justinian can still be seen under the modern _____ quarter of modern Jerusalem

Jewish

this church also appears in the sixth century map of Jerusalem, discovered on a church floor in the city of the modern _____, Jordan

Madaba

according to Islamic tradition, the Caliph Umar visited the city in 638, he asked to see the _____ hill, the place where David and Solomon had prayed

eastern

visiting this part of Jerusalem formed a prelude to what the Islamic ____ dynasty constructed in the city on the eastern ridge

Umayyad

what years were the Umayyad dynasty?

661-750

in 691, Caliph al-Malik built the dome of the rock over a massive rock over the _____ stone

foundation

early islamic traditions associate the mosque on the southern edge of the haram with Surah _____ in the Qur’an

17

this Surah desribes the prophet Mohammad taking a _____ journey to a place described as the _____ mosque

night, farthest

islamic tradition connects the dome of the rock later in early islamic history to the _____ of the prophet Mohammad to heaven

ascent

the date for the visit of nasir khusraw to Jerusalem is ______

1047

as a part of his visit to Jerusalem, nasir describes the final judgement as taking place in what valley?

kidron

pope _____ called for the crusades in 1095

Urban II

is his speech he refers to jerusalem as the _____ of the earth

navel

the term navel captures a term we talked about early in the class that plays upon bodily anatomy and refers to the mental idea of the center of the world. What is that term?

omphalos

there are 4 quarters to the old city of Jerusalem today. the church of the holy sepulcher is situated in which quarter — the quarter in the northwest or northeast?

northwest

in contrast to byzantine christians, the latin community of jerusalem called the church of the anastasis the church of the ____ ______

holy sepulcher

this latin community also referred to golgotha as not just the place of crucifixion but also the tomb of _____

adam

the old city walls that surround Jerusalem today that demarcate the difference between the new city and the old city were built between the years of ______

1536-1549

The original names of Jerusalem in the Bible that migrate to the western hill during the byzantine period is _______

Zion