Clinical Anatomy II - Axial Muscles of the Head and Face

A set of flashcards based on the axial muscles of the head and face, focusing on anatomical terms, muscle functions, and origins/insertion points.

Occipitofrontalis muscle

A muscle with two bellies (frontal and occipital) that elevates eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead.

Epicranial aponeurosis (Galea aponeurotica)

A fibrous tissue that connects the frontal and occipital bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle.

Orbicularis oculi

A muscle that closes the eyelids; has orbital and palpebral parts.

Zygomaticus major

A muscle that elevates the angle of the mouth, contributing to smiling.

Buccinator

A muscle that presses the cheek against the molar teeth and helps with chewing.

Levator labii superioris

A muscle that elevates the upper lip.

Frontal belly (of occipitofrontalis)

Part of the occipitofrontalis that raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead.

Depressor anguli oris

A muscle that depresses the angle of the mouth, contributing to frowning.

Masseter

A strong muscle that elevates the mandible to close the mouth.

Platysma

A muscle that tenses the skin of the neck and can depress the lower lip.

Procerus

A muscle that depresses the medial end of the eyebrow.

Corrugator supercilii

A muscle that draws eyebrows together, creating vertical wrinkles.

Risorius

A muscle that draws the corner of the mouth laterally, often associated with grinning.

Mentalis

A muscle that elevates and protrudes the lower lip, expressing doubt.

Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

A muscle that elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostrils.

Depressor labii inferioris

A muscle that depresses the lower lip.

Temporal fascia

A connective tissue layer that covers the temporalis muscle.

Fascia aponeurosis covering nasal bone

Connective tissue covering the nasal bone and cartilage.

Palpebral fissure

The opening between the eyelids.

Oral fissure

The opening of the mouth.

Auricularis muscles

Muscles responsible for moving the ears.

Nasal aperture

The opening of the nostrils.

Action of Orbicularis oris

Closes the oral fissure and protrudes the lips.

Action of Buccinator

Presses the cheek against the teeth and assists in mastication.

Zygomaticus minor

A muscle that helps elevate the upper lip, contributing to smiling.

Sphenomandibular ligament

A ligament that supports the temporomandibular joint.

Temporalis muscle

A muscle that elevates and retracts the mandible.

Lateral pterygoid

A muscle that protracts the mandible.

Medial pterygoid

A muscle that elevates the mandible and assists in grinding.

Mandibular fossa

The depression in the temporal bone that articulates with the mandibular condyle.

Articular disc

A fibrocartilaginous structure in the temporomandibular joint.