ap classroom quiz

Andy and Noel have been happily married for 25 years. They have a warm and trusting affection for each other. Which social psychology concept applies to their relationship?

a. companionate love

b. passionate love

c. mere exposure effect

d. matching hypothesis

e. cognitive dissonance

companionate love

In the experiments of Solomon Asch, the tendency of group members to conform was reduced most by which of the following factors?

a. The presence of a single dissenter

b. Frequent interaction among the group members

c. The appointment of a democratic leader

d. A decentralized communication network

e. The threat of punishment

The presence of a single dissenter

Ashley began her banking career as a teller, but she was quickly promoted to increasingly more responsible managerial positions. Despite the fact that she has very limited experience to justify her promotions, she believes that she has been successful because she is very talented. Which of the following explanations is Ashley using to justify her success?

a. Self-serving bias

b. Hindsight bias

c. Defensive attribution

d. external attribution

e. Social schema

self serving bias

Which of the following is most useful in under-standing an employer's interpretation of an employee's poor performance?

a. Cannon's theory

b. Reinforcement theory

c. Attribution theory

d. Arousal theory

e. Cognitive dissonance

attribution theory

Lisa is a college English major. She believes all math majors are analytical, logical, and serious. Lisa seems to be demonstrating:

a. group polarization

b. ingroup bias

c. the actor-observer effect

d. outgroup homogeneity bias

e. stereotype threat

outgroup homogeneity bias

People often have expectations about another person that influence how they act toward that person. Such expectations in turn cause that person to behave consistently with the original expectations. The phenomenon is known as

a. a self-fulfilling prophecy

b. mental set

c. the mere-exposure effect

d. hindsight bias

e. social facilitation

self-fulfilling prophecy

The factors chiefly responsible for interpersonal attraction include

a. proximity and similarity

b. contrasting values

c. similar tendencies to dominate or submit

d. similar attitudes toward authority

e. shared attributional biases

proximity and similarity

Which of the following scenarios best represents the frustration-aggression principle?

a. Elliott yells at his dog because he is mad at his boss.

b. Wyndi imitates her brother and pushes another child on the playground.

c. Jeremy punches the steering wheel of his car because he is stuck in traffic.

d. Troy argues with her mother as a result of drinking alcohol.

e. Charles bullies his classmates because it makes him feel superior.

Jeremy punches the steering wheel of his car because he is stuck in traffic

Leila saw a man treat a passerby rudely. Shortly after that, she saw him slip and fall to the ground. She immediately thought, "What a clumsy man," without acknowledging that he had walked onto a patch of ice. Leila is demonstrating the fundamental attribution error because

a. the thought was immediate

b. the person was actually clumsy

c. she projected her own clumsiness onto the man

d. she blamed his fall on his being clumsy

e. she thought he got what he deserved

she blamed his fall on his being clumsy

Which method should be used by a researcher to test conformity? Assume in all groups that the researcher recruits participants and asks them to observe line X and line Y, where line X is clearly shorter than line Y.

a. Use nine confederates and one participant. The nine confederates go first and correctly say that line Y is longer.

b. Use one confederate and nine participants. The one confederate goes first and correctly says that line Y is longer.

c. Use one confederate and nine participants. The one confederate goes first and incorrectly says that line X is longer.

d. Use nine confederates and one participant. The nine confederates go first and incorrectly say that line X is longer.

e. Use nine confederates and one participant. Everyone writes down his or her answer on separate pieces of paper.

Use nine confederates and one participant. The nine confederates go first and incorrectly say that line X is longer.

When Jeremy hears that his neighbor's house has been robbed, he argues that the neighbor deserved it because he leaves his expensive electronics out where people can see them. Jeremy's belief is best explained by which of the following cognitive biases?

a. The fundamental attribution error

b. The just-world hypothesis

c. Out-group homogeneity bias

d. The availability heuristic

e. Self-handicapping

The just-world hypothesis

Jonathan practiced for a speech competition with other students and the coach. Although his performance during practice was usually average, Jonathan won a gold medal for his performance to a large crowd of attendees at the competition. Which of the following social psychology principles accounts for Jonathan's exceptional performance?

a. Conformity

b. Obedience

c. Social facilitation

d. Social impairment

e. Social loafing

social facilitation

Which of the following is the independent variable in Philip Zimbardo's classic Stanford Prison Experiment?

a. The role of prisoner or guard

b. The behaviors of the prisoners

c. The behaviors of the guards

d. Male college students

e. The simulated prison setting

The role of prisoner or guard

Which of the following best reflects an external attribution?

a. Dan practices his violin before his lesson.

b. Sheila believes that people who are poor are responsible for their financial problems.

c. George believes that working hard will lead to a promotion at work.

d. Marcy concludes she did poorly on her exam because it was unfair.

e. Deirdre reads mystery novels purely for enjoyment.

Marcy concludes she did poorly on her exam because it was unfair.

Daria provides alternative viewpoints for ideas proposed during the student council meeting. The most likely consequence of her critiques is that they will

a. lead people to make a fundamental attribution error

b. encourage the out‑group homogeneity effect

c. decrease the chance that cognitive dissonance will take place

d. prevent groupthink

e. lead to greater social facilitation

prevent groupthink

Which of the following behaviors is most closely associated with the foot-in-the-door phenomenon?

a. Beth continues to participate in class because she is positively reinforced.

b. Adam is sleeping while the rest of his classmates are working on their group project.

c. Sutan asks his father for $5, and when he agrees, Sutan asks him for $15 more.

d. James feels pressure to go to the movies with his friends even though he prefers to go bowling.

e. Diana feels guilty because she did not help her family clear the table after dinner.

Sutan asks his father for $5, and when he agrees, Sutan asks him for $15 more.

A researcher has a hypothesis that men are more likely to be influenced by the central route to persuasion when buying a car than women are. The researcher randomly selects thirty men and thirty women to observe while they buy a car, and the researcher finds that women pay attention to information about the reliability of the car, whereas men pay attention to available colors that the car comes in. Which conclusion can the researcher draw?

a. The hypothesis is supported, because the results indicate that men are influenced more by the central route to persuasion than women are.

b. The hypothesis is not supported, because the results indicate that women are influenced more by the central route to persuasion than men are.

c. The researcher has proved that men are more influenced by the central route to persuasion than women are.

d. The researcher has proved that women are more influenced by the central route to persuasion than men are.

e. The researcher cannot draw conclusions, because the sample size is so small the data is meaningless.

The hypothesis is not supported, because the results indicate that women are influenced more by the central route to persuasion than men are.

The just-world hypothesis would best explain which of the following phenomena?

a. Blaming the victim

b. Cognitive dissonance

c. The need for power

d. Bystander apathy

e. Groupthink

blaming the victim