Health Psychology Chapter 1: Intro

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Psychology

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19 Terms

1
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Health

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

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Etiology

The study of the causes or origins of health-related issues, including biological, psychological, and social factors.

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Health psychologist roles

Health promotion and maintenance, prevention and treatment of illness, etiology and correlates of health, illness, and dysfunction.

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Health psychology focus

To understand behavioral factors of health and find effective therapy/methods to change behavior to reduce risks and optimize health.

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Behavioral medicine

An interdisciplinary field focusing on the relationship between health and behavior.

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Early concept of disease

Evil spirits cause illness.

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Middle Ages concept of disease

God’s punishment for wrong doings.

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Mind-body connection

The idea that psychological factors can affect physical factors, and vice versa.

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Psychosomatic medicine

Disorders and diseases that can be caused by emotional conflict, such as stress leading to ulcers.

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Gradient of reinforcement

Greater time between behavior and reinforcement weakens the behavior reinforcement.

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Delayed gratification

The time lag between behavior and reinforcement.

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Asymptomatic conditions

Lead to lower treatment compliance.

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Current shifts in health

More attention on social determinants and an increase in use of alternative, holistic, and complementary approaches to health and healing.

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Commodification of Indigenous and Traditional Medicines

The process of treating Indigenous and traditional medical practices as market commodities.

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Biomedical model

Illness is defined as an abnormal bodily process, with psychological and social processes considered minimally relevant.

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Biopsychosocial model

Health and illness are the consequences of the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors.

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Systems theory

All levels of biological, social, and psychological processes are linked, meaning changes in one area will affect changes at other levels.

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Morbidity

The number of cases of a disease at a given point in time.

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Mortality

The number of deaths due to specific causes.