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50 Terms
1
Independent variable
Variable that YOU are changing (what is tested/manipulated)
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2
Dependent variable
What is measured/outcome, might be affected by ind. var.
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3
Constant/Control
What remains unchanged in an experiment
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4
Control group
The group that does not receive the treatment of the Ind. Var (not to be confused w/control variables)
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5
Scientific Method
make an observation
Ask a question
Develop a hypothesis
Test your hypothesis
Analyze results
record the results against hyp
Make a conclusion
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6
The atoms in water are held together by _
covalent bonds
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7
Specific heat
amount of heat needed that must be absorbed or lost before a substance actually changes temperature
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8
Water has a very __ specific heat
high
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9
Why is it that on a hot summer day on the beach, the sand is hot on your feet but the water is still cool?
Water has a high specific heat
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10
Ice is __ dense than water.
less
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11
Why is ice less dense than water?
As water freezes, the polarity causes hydrogen bonds to stay maintained as they spread, creating air gaps. This also causes the expansion of water as it freezes.
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12
Capillary Action
The ability water has to flow up against gravity due to cohesion and adhesionC
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13
Cohesion
When two like molecules stick together
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14
Adhesion
When two unlike molecules stick together
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15
Water develops a meniscus in a test tube due to __
adhesion
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16
Polar molecule
An molecule that has both a positive and a negative region, causing it to stick together
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17
Solvent
A liquid that dissolves a particle
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18
Solute
Particle that gets dissolved in the solvent
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19
In salt water, the solute is _ and the solvent is …
salt, water
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20
Water is known as the universal ___
solvent
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21
Surface Tension
A measure of the force necessary to stretch or break the surface of a liquid
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22
Why can some insects walk/run on water?
Surface Tension
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23
Heat of Vaporization
The cooling of a surface occurs when the liquid evaporates
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24
As water boils, it generates steam. As the steam leaves the water it brings the heat with it, cooling the water. This is an example of __
Heat of Vaporization
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25
Your body sweats so that the water will absorb the heat that will then evaporate to cool you. This is an example of ___
Heat of Vaporization
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26
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate called?
monosaccharide
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27
What is a carbohydrate polymer called?
Polysaccharide
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28
Amylose and starch are examples of
polysaccharides
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29
glucose is an example of
monosaccharide
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30
What three elements make up carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms
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31
What is the function of a carbohydrate?
Quick energy, energy storage, form cells walls, form exoskeletons
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32
Potatoes, seeds, bread, noodles, and cake are examples of which macronutrient?
Carbohydrates
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33
Why is there no such thing as a monomer for lipids?
All lipids are polymers (more than one segment)
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34
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fat?
In unsaturated fat, one of the carbons doesn’t bond and causes it to bend
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35
What three elements are found in lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms
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36
Which fat is solid at room temp?
Saturated
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37
Which fat is liquid at room temp?
UnsaturatedW
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38
What is the function of fats?
provide long term energy, make up cell membranes, and produces bodily steroids
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39
What is the function of phospholipids?
Provides a protective layer around our cells
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40
What is the monomer of a protein called?
Amino AcidW
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41
What is a protein polymer called?
Polypeptide
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42
Hemoglobin and insulin are examples of
protein polymers
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43
What elements are in proteins?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur atoms
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44
What are a few functions of proteins?
Form cell structures, produces hormones to regulate cell processes, transport substances in and out of cells, and defends against disease
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45
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid called?
Nucleotide
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46
What is a Nucleic Acid Polymer called?
Nucleic Acid
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47
DNA and RNA are examples of
Nucleic Acids
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48
Cytosine, Adenine, Guanine, Tyrosine are examples of
nucleotides
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49
What elements are in nucleic acids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and phosphorus atoms.
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