1 oxygen

Vocabulary flashcards for the respiratory system lecture.

Adventitious Breath Sounds

Adventitious breath sounds refer to abnormal sounds such as wheezing, crackles, stridor, and rhonchi.

Normal Breath Sounds

Normal breath sounds include bronchial, bronchovesicular, and vesicular sounds.

Packs per Year

This is calculated by multiplying the number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day by the number of years smoked.

ACE Inhibitors

Medications ending in 'pril,' often used to treat high blood pressure; a side effect is coughing.

Dyspnea

Difficulty breathing.

Normal Respiratory Rate

Normal range is 12 to 20 breaths per minute.

Normal Oxygen Saturation

Normal range is 95% to 100%.

Sixty-Second Situational Assessment

A quick evaluation on a first encounter to assess a patient's immediate condition, including signs of respiratory distress.

Signs of Respiratory Distress

Nostril flaring, use of accessory muscles, and abnormal breathing patterns.

Trachea Position

The trachea should be positioned in the midline of the neck.

AP to Transverse Diameter

The ratio comparing the front-to-back diameter of the chest to the side-to-side diameter; normally 1:2.

Cyanosis

Bluish discoloration of the skin, indicating low oxygen levels.

Clubbing

Deformity of the fingers associated with chronic oxygen deficiency.

Crepitus

A coarse, crackling sensation felt upon palpation, indicating air in the subcutaneous tissue; often associated with subcutaneous emphysema.

Tactile Fremitus

Using hands to feel for vibrations in the chest as the patient says '99'.

Bronchial Breath Sounds

Normal location is the trachea, high pitch.

Bronchovesicular Breath Sounds

Normal location is the 1st and 2nd intercostal space Anteriorly.

Vesicular Breath Sounds

Normal location is the peripheral lung fields, low pitch.

Wheezing

High-pitched, whistling sound caused by narrowed airways.

Crackles (Rales)

Crackling or bubbling sounds in the lungs.

Stridor

A loud, harsh, crowing sound heard during inspiration, indicating upper airway obstruction.

Rhonchi

Coarse, snoring-like sound heard on auscultation.

Pleural Friction Rub

A grating, scratchy sound caused by inflammation of the pleural surfaces.

ABGs (Arterial Blood Gases)

A test to assess arterial blood gas levels, including pH, PaCO2, HCO3, and PaO2.

Tachycardia

Fast heart rate; an early sign of hypoxia.

Hypertension

High blood pressure.An early sign of hypoxia.

Tachypnea

Increased respiratory rate; an early sign of hypoxia.

Diaphoresis

Sweating; an early sign of hypoxia.

Hypotension

Low blood pressure; a late sign of hypoxia.

Breath Pauses

Pausing for breath between words; a late sign of hypoxia.

Retractions

The visible sinking of the skin between the ribs during inhalation, indicating increased effort to breathe; a late sign of hypoxia.

Pulse Oximeter

Device used to measure oxygen saturation noninvasively.