3. dog - non-core vaccines

canine non-core vaccines

1. bordetella (Bb)

2. parainfluenza (CPiV)

3. leptospira

4. borrelia - lyme

5. influenza (CIV)

6. distemper-measles combination

infectious tracheobronchitis (“kennel cough”): inflammation of the _____ _____

• can progress to fatal _____ in puppies or _____ _____ in adult dogs

• spreads rapidly among dogs in _____ _____

• the bordetella vaccine targets the _____

• the adenovirus-2 & distemper vaccine target the _____, _____, & _____

1. upper airway

2. bronchopneumonia

3. chronic bronchitis

4. close confinement

5. bronchi

6. nose

7. larynx

8. pharynx

canine parainfluenza virus (CPiV): a _____ contagious _____ virus

• kennel cough

• excreted from the _____ _____ for up to _____ weeks

• common in _____/_____ where a large number of dogs are kept together

1. highly

2. respiratory

3. respiratory tract

4. 2

5. kennels/shelters

what are the symptoms of parainfluenza (CPiV)?

1. coughing - dry or moist

2. low-grade fever

3. nasal discharge

4. lack of energy

5. loss of appetite

canine influenza virus (CIV): a contagious _____ _____ caused by a specific _____ _____ influenza virus

• was originally an _____ influenza virus, but it was spread to dogs & can now spread from _____ to _____

  • also possible _____ to _____ transmission

1. respiratory disease

2. type A

3. equine

4. dog

5. dog

6. cat

7. cat

what are the symptoms of influenza (CIV)?

1. coughing

2. runny nose

3. fever

bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb): a _____ infection that causes inflammation of the _____ & _____

• transmitted by:

  • _____ _____ (licking, nuzzling)

  • _____ (coughing, sneezing)

  • _____ _____

• transmission can occur between _____ & _____

• common in _____/_____

1. bacterial

2. trachea

3. bronchi

4. direct contact

5. air

6. contaminated fomites

7. dogs

8. cats

9. kennels/shelters

what are the symptoms of bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb)?

1. dry, hacking cough

2. retching

3. sneezing

4. nasal discharge

5. pneumonia - lung infection

6. inappetence

7. fever

8. lethargy

_____ infections are easier to treat than _____ infections with the use of antibiotics

1. bacterial

2. viral

borrelia burgdorferi (lyme disease): a _____, _____-transmitted, _____ disease

1. bacterial

2. tick

3. zoonotic

what type of ticks transmit borrelia burgdorferi (lyme)?

hard-shelled ixodes - deer ticks

what are the symptoms of borrelia burgdorferi (lyme)?

1. fever

2. headache

3. fatigue

4. muscle aches

5. lameness

6. anorexia

7. lethargy

8. lymphadenopathy - swollen lymph nodes

9. renal failure - fatal

tick borrelia burgdorferi (lyme) transmission

• hatch from eggs as _____ _____ - may aqcuire spirochetes from borrelia-carrying hosts

• after tick attachment it takes about _____ hours before lyme is transmitted to the host skin

  • it takes about _____ hours for the infection to enter the blood

  • early removal _____ the potential for transmission

• “bite” site looks like a _____ _____-_____ rash

1. uninfected larvae

2. >24

3. >53

4. reduces

5. red bulls-eye

what breeds show high levels of borrelia-specific antibodies?

1. bernese mountain dogs

2. labrador retrievers

what are the 4 vaccines available for borrelia burgdorferi?

1. killed whole cell bacterin (OspA)

2. killed whole cell bacterin (OspA+C)

3. recombinant OspA

4. chimeric-recombinant OspA+OspC

how is the borrelia burgdorferi vaccine administered?

subcutaneously

leptospirosis: a _____ disease that effects all _____; except _____ that seem to be relatively resistant to this disease

• more prevalent in _____, _____ climates - _____ & _____ months

• main sources are in any _____ &/or _____ _____

• is passed via _____ into _____ sources where they reside & reproduce

• can enter blood through a _____ on the skin or a _____ _____

• can be transmitted from _____ to _____

1. zoonotic

2. mammals

3. cats

4. warm

5. moist

6. summer

7. fall

8. stagnant

9. recreational water

10. urine

11. water

12. cut

13. mucous membrane

14. dog

15. dog

what are examples of occupational exposure to leptospirosis?

1. veterinarians

2. veterinary staff

3. livestock producers

4. dairy workers

what are examples of recreational exposure to leptospirosis?

1. urine contaminated waters

2. animal owners with infected companion animals

3. animal owners with infected livestock

what are the symptoms of leptospirosis?

1. renal disease

2. hepatic disease

3. jaundice

4. renal failure

5. hyperphosphatemia - excess blood phosphates

6. thrombocytopenia - low platelets

7. death

what happens to the liver in an leptospirosis infected animal?

turns a yellow, brownish color & friable

canine enteric coronavirus (CCV): a _____ contagious _____ infection

• transmitted through _____ secretions & contact with contaminated _____

• infection is _____ & can remain infectious longer in _____ temperatures

1. highly

2. intestinal

3. oral

4. feces

5. resistant

6. freezing

canine rattlesnake vaccine: venom components from the _____ _____

• vaccinated dogs must seek _____ care after a bite because:

  • the _____ of snake is often _____

  • antibody _____ may be _____ in the face of severe _____

  • dog may lack sufficient _____ depending on the response to the vaccine & time elapsed since vaccination

• antibody _____ do not persist beyond 1 year of vaccination

1. western diamondback

2. immediate

3. type

4. unknown

5. titers

6. overwhelmed

7. envenomation

8. protection

9. titers

animal shelter: a _____ _____ for homeless animals, adoption, rescue, or reclaim by owners

• _____ source population

• unknown _____ & _____ history

• high population _____

• high levels of _____ _____ risk

1. holding facility

2. random

3. health

4. vaccination

5. turnover

6. infectious disease

_____ vaccines should be administered at the time of entry or time of release

1. _____

2. _____

3. _____

4. _____

5. _____ - different site on the body than other injections

• core

1. canine distemper (CDV)

2. canine parvovirus (CPV)

3. canine adenovirus-2 (CAV-2)

4. intranasal bordetella + canine parainfluenza (IN Bb + CPiV)

5. rabies (RV)

rabies in shelters

• _____ dose(s) to all dogs older than _____ weeks of age before _____

• not required upon _____ as risk of exposure within the shelter is _____

• if long-term stay is anticipated, should be administered upon _____

1. one

2. 12

3. release

4. entry

5. limited

6. entry

canine influenza in shelters

• _____ communities

• _____ vaccine

  • _____ dose(s) given at least _____ weeks apart

  • immunity = 1 week after _____ dose

1. endemic

2. killed

3. 2

4. 2

5. 2nd

what vaccines are not recommended for routine use in shelters?

1. leptospirosis

2. coronavirus

3. borrelia - lyme

4. rattlesnake

5. parenterally administered bordetella

6. parenterally administered parainfluenza

why are the “not recommended in shelter” vaccines not recommended?

• most require 2 or more doses within weeks

• impractical

what vaccines are recommended for routine use in shelters?

1. all core

2. rabies

3. non-core if routinely exposed to the outdoors

should pregnant dogs be vaccinated?

if they cannot be isolated, vaccinated or cannot remain in shelter

should sick dogs be vaccinated?

• advised upon shelter admission

• sever signs of illness - delayed vaccination

• high-risk shelter - all core should be the rule