DRRISK Q3

hazard

- dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, condition

  - may cause loss of life, injury, health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic disruption, environmental changes

geological

hydrometeorological

biological

types of natural hazard

geological hazard

- natural earth process or phenomena

- internal earth processes of tectonic origins

- external earth processes such as mass movement

earth

geo

hydrometeorological hazard

hazard process or phenomena of an atmospheric, hydrological, oceanographic nature

hydro

 water

meteoros

sky

biological hazard

- organic origin

- conveyed by biological vectors

- exposure to pathogenic microorganisms, toxins, bioactive substances

man-made or technological hazard

 - caused by humans

  - occur in or close to human settlements

  - accidents, collapsed structure, explosions

planned hazard or terrorism

violent acts to frighten people in an area as a means to achieve a political goal

disaster

  - disruption of the functioning of a community

 - widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses

  - exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources

  - result of exposure, vulnerability present and insufficient capacity to cope

disaster risk

- probability of harmful consequences or expected losses caused by disaster

disaster risk factors

- can intensify or lessen the effects of a disaster

physical

sociocultural

economic

psychological

political

biological

disaster risk factors

disaster risk reduction

 - adopted proactive approach where risks are reduced or managed

1) Reduce vulnerability of life, property and environment

2) Reduce degree of exposure

3) Increase preparedness through mitigation procedures

disaster risk reduction goals (3)

vulnerability

- lack of power to be safe in times of disaster

  - determines a hazard’s effect and impact

physical

social

economic

environmental

types of vulnerability

physical vulnerability

- population density levels, remoteness of a settlement, site, design and materials used for critical infrastructure and housing

social vulnerability

- inability of people, organizations and societies to withstand adverse impact due to characteristics inherent in social interactions, institutions, and systems of cultural values

- children, elderly, animals, PWD

economic vulnerability

- the poor lack resources to build sturdy structures and other engineering measures to protect themselves

- inflation, price hikes

environmental vulnerability

 natural resource depletion or degradation

WorldRisk Index 2025

what declared Philippines as the most disaster-prone nation

Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030

- outlines seven clear targets and four priorities

  - to prevent new and reduce existing disaster risks

1) Understanding disaster risk

2) Strengthening disaster risk governance

3) Investing in disaster reduction

4) Enhancing disaster preparedness and “Build, Back, Better” in recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction

Sendai Framework 4 Priorities:

capacity

  - positive condition or abilities that increase a community’s ability to deal with hazards

1) Permanent houses

2) Ownership of land

3) Adequate food and income sources

4) Family and community support in times of crisis

5) Local knowledge

6) Good leadership

examples of capacity

Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 or RA 10121

- aims strengthen country’s disaster risk management system

  - establishes a comprehensive framework for disaster risk reduction and management

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council

DRRMC

42,027

— barangay DRRMC

1,409

— municipality DRRMC

144

—  city DRRMC

81

— provincial DRRMC

18

— regional DRRMC

Secretary of DND

DRRMC chairman

Secretary of DOST

DRRMC VC for Prevention and Mitigation

Secretary of DILG

DRRMC VC for Preparedness

Secretary of DSWD

DRRMS VC for Response:

Director-General of NEDA

DRRMC VC for Rehabilitation and Recovery:

reactive and proactive

types of paradigm shift or approach

reactive

- disaster response, emergency management

- emergency specialist, hazard scientists

- response-heavy

proactive

- disaster risk reduction, disaster risk management

- risks specialists, economic managers, development planners

- mitigation-heavy

prevention

mitigation

preparedness

response

rehabilitation

recovery

components of disaster management

prevention

- avoidance of adverse impacts of hazards and disasters

mitigation

- limiting adverse impacts of hazard

- headed by Department of Science and Technology (DOST) with OCD, DENR, DPWH, DOF

preparedness

- establishing and strengthening capacities to anticipate, cope and recover from negative impacts of emergency occurrences and disasters

- headed by Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) with PIA, OCD

response

- provision of emergency response or service during or immediately after a disaster

- save lives, ensure public safety, reduce negative health impacts

- meet basic subsistence needs of affected people

- headed by Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) with DRRMC, OCD, DND, DOH, LGUs

rehabilitation

- ensure ability of affected communities to restore to their normal level of functioning

- rebuilding livelihood and damaged infrastructure

- increasing communities’ organizational capacity

recovery

- restoration and improvement of facilities, livelihood and living conditions of disaster affected communities

- reduce disaster risk factors

- build, back, better

- headed by National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) with OCD, NHA, DPWH, DSWD and DOH

disaster: a social phenomenon

  - social consequence due to human activity

hazard analysis

  - identification study and monitoring of hazard to determine potential, origin, characteristics and behaviors

1) Provide description

2) Help in setting priorities corresponding to the need for protection

3) Assisting in designing appropriate disaster risk reduction and management, systems, plans, programs and services

Purpose of Hazard Analysis:

community hazard and disaster history construction

hazard and vulnerability mapping

factor analysis

tools in analyzing a hazard:

title

legends and symbols

north arrow

scale

parts of hazard map

title

- name of area

legends and symbols

- includes routes to evacuation center, evaluation of disaster possibility and frequency, etc.

north arrow

- gives user a sense of direction

scale

- ratio between the distance on a map and on the ground

factor analysis

      - describes characteristics of hazard