Anatomy (with images)

anatomical position

neck neutral, shoulders adducted, elbows extended, forearms supinated, wrists neutral, fingers and thumbs extended, hips adducted, knees extended, ankles and toes neutral

coronal/frontal plane

divide anterior and posterior

sagittal plane

divide body into left and right, medial and lateral midpoint

transverse plane

divide superior and inferior

anterior

front of body

posterior

back of body

medial

midline of body

lateral

further from midline

superior

close to head

inferior

closer to feet

proximal

closer to the trunk

distal

further from the trunk

cranial

closer to brain

caudal

closer to tailbone

superficial

closer to skin surface

deep

further from skin surface

axial skeleton bones

skull bones, facial bones, hyoid bone, spine, tailbone, intercostals, sternum

visceral system division

sympathetic and parasympathetic

shrugging shoulders

scapulothoracic joint elevation

pushing up from a chair

scapulothoracic joint depression

giving a hug

scapulothoracic joint abduction/protraction

pulling back a bow and arrow or starting a lawn mower

scapular adduction/ retraction

grabbing something from a high shelf

scapulothoracic joint upward rotation

grabbing something from a back pocket or preparing to bowl

scapular downward rotation

raising hand, grabbing something off a high shelf

GH flexion

resting

glenohumeral joint extension

upward phase of jumping jack

GH vertical abduction

downward phase of jumping jack

glenohumeral joint vertical adduction

swimming breaststroke or hand behind passenger seat when backing up

GH horizontal abduction

giving a hug

GH horizontal adduction

preparing to throw a football

glenohumeral joint lateral/external rotation

tucking in a shirt in the back

glenohumeral joint medial/internal rotation

bringing phone to ear

elbow joint flexion

putting something in the oven, doing a pushup

elbow extension

typing

radio-ulnar pronation

applying makeup

radio-ulnar joints supination

holding a plank

radiocarpal joint extension

opening a jar

radiocarpal joint flexion

tilting a cup upward when drinking

radiocarpal joint radial deviation

pouring a pitcher of water

radiocarpal joint ulnar deviation

bye with fingers

finger MCP joint flexion

getting nails painted/ admiring nails or a ring

finger MCP joint extension

wearing mittens or swimming hands

finger MCP adduction

catching a big ball

finger MCP abduction

making a fist to punch in boxing

finger PIP joint flexion

to point at something

finger PIP joints extension

holding a cup

Thumb CMC joint palmar abduction

thumbs up

Thumb CMC joint radial abduction

number 4

Thumb CMC joint flexion

swimming (thumb)

Thumb CMC joint adduction

texting

Thumb MP and IP joint flexion

thumbs up (MP and IP)

Thumb MP and IP joint extension

A

Superglenoid tubercle

B

Scapular notch

C

Coracoid process

D

Glenoid cavity

E

Infraglenoid tubercle

F

Subscapular fossa

G

Medial border

H

Inferior angle

J

Infraspinous fossa

K

acromion

A

Head of humerus

B

intertubercular groove

C

lesser tubercle

D

capitulum

E

medial epicondyle

F

trochlea

G

radial groove

H

olecranon fossa

J

lateral epicondyle

K

greater tubercle

L

superior facet

M

inferior facet

A

olecranon process

B

trochlear notch

C

ulnar tuberosity

D

radial notch

E

styloid process of ulna

A

head of radius

B

fovea

C

radial tuberosity

D

styloid process of radius

F

radial tuberosity

G

styloid process of radius

1

scaphoid

2

lunate

3

triquetrum

4

pisiform

5

hamate

6

capitate

7

trapezoid

8

trapezium

Levator Scapulae origin

transverse process C1-C4

Levator Scapulae insertion

medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of spine

levator scapulae actions

scapular elevation, scapular downward rotation

name the muscle

levator scapulae

levator scapulae innervation and root levels

dorsal scapular nerve roots C3-C5

Rhomboids Major origin

spinous process T2-T5

Rhomboids Major insertion

medial border of scapula between spine and inferior angle