Physics: Density, Changes of State, Internal Energy, Temperature, and Pressure

Vocabulary flashcards based on notes about density, changes of state, internal energy, temperature, and pressure.

Density

The mass per unit volume of a substance, calculated as density = mass/volume.

Changes of State

Physical transitions between solid, liquid, and gas in which mass is conserved.

Specific Heat Capacity

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C.

Specific Latent Heat

The amount of energy needed to change the state of 1 kg of a substance without a temperature change.

Pressure

The total force exerted by gas molecules colliding with the walls of their container per unit area.

Boyle’s Law

At constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume.

Kinetic Energy

The energy possessed by an object due to its motion, which in gases, relates to the speed of molecules.

Potential Energy

The stored energy held by particles due to their positions relative to one another.

Sublimation

The process in which a solid changes directly into a gas without passing through the liquid state.

Evaporation

The process by which molecules escape from a liquid to become gas.