Unit 5 AP World History Study Guide

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14 Terms

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Popular Sovereignty and Political Upheaval

colonists declared independence from British rule and instituted a new government

the Enlightment gave the English and French social and political motivation for change

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What helped start the Enlightment?

  • Isaac Newton vision of the universe helped him see passed science

  • Early modern scientists abandoned Aristotelian and Christian ideologies

  • Subject human world on rational analysis

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Who were the main philosophers of Enlightment?

John Locke, Adam Smith and Baron de Montesquieu they addressed reason to educated public, made novels, histories, poems and pamphlets.

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Who was John Locke?

He attacked divine rights and monarchy

Provided and educated constitution government

Much of the theoretical justification for Glorious revolution.

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Who was Adam Smith?

turned his attention to economic affair and held laws of supply and demand

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Who was Baron de Montesquieu?

Established science of politics and discovered principles.

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Who was Voltaire?

He was epitomized spirit of Enlightment

He published 10,000 letters and 70 volumes of writings.

He wanted freedom, and opposed oppressive policies targeting Roman Catholic

He led a rebel campaign against the church

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What was Deism?

The belief that God has universal power but did not intervene in personal life.

They denied supernatural teachings of Christianity

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Theory of Progress

Belief that natural science enhances human control over the world, while rational sciences promote individual freedom and a prosperous, equal society.

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