Agriculture

What does soil conservation measures refer to?

A combination of practices done to prevent the loss of soil through erosion.

Why is soil conservation important?

To keep top soil in place, maintain soil fertility and productivity, and increase agricultural production.

What is strip cropping?

Growing crops with little soil cover like maize in alternating strips with crops that have good ground cover.

How do grassed waterways help in soil conservation?

They are channels where vegetation slows down water runoff and traps eroded soil.

What are stone lines?

Stones heaped along the contour to prevent soil loss from runoff.

What benefit do trash lines provide?

They reduce runoff and increase water infiltration into the soil.

What is a soil bund?

A heap of compacted soil made along contours to reduce water flow downwards.

What is a farm layout?

A drawn plan showing various farm enterprises and their arrangement on the farm.

Why is a farm layout important?

It helps in the maximum utilization of land and orderly arrangement of farm enterprises.

What materials can be used to make a farm model?

Cartons, cardboards, soil, papier mache.

What is water harvesting?

The collection and storage of rainwater for farming purposes.

Which methods can be used for harvesting water?

Using rooftops, diversion channels, water ponds, shallow water pans, and tanks.

What is the purpose of planting grass around shallow water pans?

To control soil erosion and sedimentation.

How is a shallow water pan constructed?

By digging soil to desired size, constructing channels for runoff, and planting grass.

What is a water pond?

A dugout area lined with materials to hold harvested rainwater.

How can water tanks be utilized in farming?

To collect surface runoff or water from rooftops for storage.

What factors should be considered when setting up water storage?

Location, accessibility, crop type, farm size, storage unit dimensions, slope, and cost.

What are the uses of harvested water on a farm?

Irrigating crops, watering animals, and for domestic uses.

What are types of water storage tanks?

Plastic, metallic, concrete, elevated, or underground.

What is the role of kitchen gardens?

To ensure a regular supply of fresh vegetables, fruits, and herbs for family consumption.

What innovative technologies can be used in kitchen gardening?

Container, wick, hanging pots, tyre, multi-store gardens, simple drip, organic sack gardens.

What are the benefits of innovative gardening?

Uses locally available materials, saves space, and increases productivity.

What is poultry rearing?

The keeping of domesticated birds for meat, eggs, and other products.

What is a poultry fold?

A portable structure for rearing poultry that provides sunlight and vegetation access.

What materials are commonly used to construct a poultry fold?

Wire mesh, fencing staples, reused wires, plastics, wood, nails.

What are common practices when rearing poultry in a fold?

Moving folds regularly, providing clean water, maintaining hygiene, and ensuring shelter.

How can pests be identified in vegetable crops?

Through signs like punctured leaves, cut-off seedlings, curling leaves, and presence of pests.

What is the significance of fish processing?

To prevent spoilage and prolong freshness for transportation and consumption.

What steps are involved in processing fresh fish?

Scaling, gutting, cleaning, salting, and frying.

What is the importance of processing poultry carcass?

To produce quality meat fit for human consumption and to facilitate sale.

What methods are used to preserve meat?

Sun drying, smoking, and salting.

What is food preservation?

The process of preventing food from spoilage to prolong its shelf life.

How does the kitchen cleaning benefit food preparation?

It prevents pests, promotes hygiene, and ensures safety during food preparation.

What are daily cleaning activities for the kitchen?

Sweeping, dusting, and wiping surfaces.

What is the role of a seam in clothing construction?

To join two or more pieces of fabric together securely.

What is a plain seam?

A basic seam where two fabric pieces are joined and pressed to one side.

What factors influence the choice of seam in clothing construction?

Type of garment, fabric type, seam position, and desired effect.

What are some qualities of a well-made seam?

Firmly stitched, accurately placed, neatly finished, and matching where seams meet.

What is an innovative waterer?

A device designed to improve water provision efficiency for animals.

What challenges exist with current animal waterers?

Poor construction, inadequate water intake, and spillage issues.

What are the advantages of using ICT in agriculture?

Access to information for weather forecasting, market prices, and agricultural support.

What ethical considerations are important when using ICT?

Personal privacy, access rights, harmful actions, copyright issues, and piracy.

What are the security threats related to ICT usage?

Computer viruses, unauthorized access, data loss, and cyber-crime.