Simple Machines

ISP Honors - Unit 6

The amount of matter in an object

Mass

A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses.

Gravity

A push or pull exerted on an object. Equation is mass x gravity.

Force

A measure of the force of gravity on an object. Equation is mass x gravity.

Weight.

A unit of force (can also be used for weight)

Newton

A unit of energy.

Joule

Force exerted over a distance. (Force x distance)

Work

The rate at which work is done (work/ time)

Power

A unit for power, it is equal to Joules per second.

Watts

A measure of how much a machine amplifies your force. Doesn't take into account friction. Equation is Din/ Dout.

Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA)

Similar to IMA, but it takes into account friction. The equation is Fout/ Fin (resistance over effort)

Actual Mechanical Advantage

A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact

Friction

A measure of how efficient a machine is at its task. Equation is AMA/IMA

Efficiency of Simple Machines

States that energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transferred from one form to another.

Law of Conservation of Energy

The ability to do work or cause change.

Energy

The distance between the fulcrum and effort force

Din (Distance In)

The distance between the fulcrum and resistance force

Dout (Distance Out)

The amount of force exerted by a simple machine.

Fout (Force Out)

The amount of force that is inputted into a simple machine to overcome a task.

Fin (Force In)

A lever with the fulcrum in between the resistance and effort forces.

1st Class Lever

A lever with the resistance in between the effort and fulcrum.

2nd Class Lever

A lever with the effort force in between the resistance and the fulcrum.

3rd Class Lever

The work done ON a machine. Equation is Fin * Din

Work In

The work done BY a machine. Equation is Fout * Dout.

Work Out

Can work change?

No

Why is 100% efficiency not possible?

It would only occur in a world without friction