IGCSE History Russia Timeline

1900 & 1902

Poor harvests:

-Debt (Heavy taxes + Bad Harvests)

-Hunger and Famine

-Violent Outbreaks at Landlord houses

-

Industrial Slump (1902):

-Workers lost jobs

-Low Wages

-Violent outbreaks in Factories

Troops were used to crush any disturbances

1904

Russo-Japanese War

-Tsar thought short war victory would stop criticism of his government

-Resources used for the war caused inflation

-Shortages of commodities

-Lack of industrial materials caused factories to close

-Leading to unemployment

-Russians surrendered at Port Arthur

22nd Janurary 1905

Bloody Sunday:

-Peaceful Protest

-Lead by Father Gapon

-Protest for better working conditions

-Troops were ordered to fire on peaceful protestors

-Thousands killed

-St Petersburg (Capital)

February 1905

Strikes spread to other cities

Workers demanded:

-8-Hour Days

-Higher Wages

-Better Conditions

June 1905

Sailors Mutiny

-Due to humiliating defeats with Russia

-Sailors of Battleship Potemkin Mutiny

May June 1905

Different groups protest for different demands

Middle Class-Elected Parliament, freedom of speech, right to form political parties

Poles and Finns-National Independence

Jews-Civil Rights

October 1905

General Strike from Moscow to all cities

-Teachers

-Workers

-Students

-Doctors

-Revolutionaries

30th October 1905

October Manifesto

-Parliament (Duma) elected by the people

-Freedom of Speech

-Eradication of censorship

1914-1917

Masurian Lakes and Tannenburg Battle agaisnt Germany

-1 million soldiers killed/wounded/imprisoned 1914

-8 million by 1917

-Died without weapons or ammunition

-Lack of resources: e.g. boots

-Officiers were unappealing and ineffective

How war affected people at home?

-Food Shortages

-Materials were short for industry leading to unemployment

-Inflation

-Workers working longer due to conscription

-NO MORE VODKA

September 1915

Tsar joined war front:

-Tsar was blamed for losses

-Tsarina took control

-Tsarina often influenced by Rasputin (bad reputation)

-Tsarina never listened to the Duma

1916 Winter

Harsh Winter

-Railways iced up

-Transportation of food and fuel was disrupted

March 1917

7th:40,000 workers went on strike

8th: International Womens day, thousands protested for food

Riots followed

12th:Soldiers refused to fire on crowds and sided with them

15 March 1917

Tsar abdicates