ANAT LEC Ch. 10 & 11 The Muscular System (Axial/Appendicular Divisions)

4 Groups of Axial Musculature

4 Groups of Axial Musculature

• Muscles of the HEAD & NECK

• Muscles of the VERTEBRAL COLUMN

• Muscles that form WALLS of ABDOMINAL and PELVIC CAVITIES

• Muscles of the PERINEAL & PELVIC Diaphragm

3 Layers (layer 1/2/3)

Muscles of the BACK are grouped into

Layers 1 & 2 Characteristics

EXTRINSIC Back Muscles

• Assist moving PECTORAL girdle & RIBS during respiration

Layer 3 Characteristics

INTRINSIC Back muscles

• interconnect, move and stabilize the vertebral column

ROTATING the vertebral column

OBLIQUE muscles responsible for

FLEXORS of vertebral column & ANTAGONISTS of the INTRINSIC Back muscles (layer 3)

RECTUS muscles are important as

From the sacrum and coccyx to the ischium and pubis

The muscles of the PERINEAL region and pelvic diaphragm extend from

Functions of the muscles of the

• PERINEAL region

• Pelvic diaphragm

• Support the organs of the pelvic cavity

• Flex the joints of the sacrum & coccyx

• Control the opening of the URETHRA & ANUS

Pectoral/Pelvic Girdle & Upper/Lower Limbs

2 major groups of Appendicular Muscles

Muscles of the PECTORAL girdle and upper limb

• large range of motion

  • Cuz of muscular connections b/w pectoral girdle & axial skeleton

Muscles of the PELVIC girdle and lower limb

• Focus on strength, NOT mobility

  • Transfers the WEIGHT from the axial skeleton to lower limbs

• LIMITED range of motion

ORIGINATE from AXIAL SKELETON

INSERT onto bones of pectoral girdle or arm

• Moving these muscles maximizes the range of motion of the shoulder join

Muscles of the upper limb (extrinsic muscles of the shoulder) ORIGINATE from _______ and INSERT onto ____

ORGINATE on HUMERUS

INSERT on RADIUS/ULNA or carpal bones

Muscles that move the forearm and wrist ORIGINATE on _____ and INSERT on _____

*exceptions are heads of the Biceps and Triceps Brachii*

ORIGINATE on Humerus, radius or ulna

Muscles that flex/extend the wrist ORIGINATE on _____

ORIGINATE on Radius or ulna

Muscles that flex the Fingers ORIGINATE on

COORDINATED Manner

• allows the body to move from place to place

Muscles of the pelvic girdle, lower limbs, and feet contract in a ______ manner

LIMITED motion

The attachment of the pelvic girdle to the axial skeleton allows for

ORGINATE on ILIUM

INSERT onto FEMUR

Muscles that move the THIGH ORIGINATE on the _____
and INSERT onto the _____

Plantar Flex the FOOT & TOES

Muscles of the POSTERIOR compartment of the LEG _____ the _____

Dorsiflex the FOOT & TOES

The anterior compartment muscles ____ the