EAPP

Academic texts

These are structured, formal and objective texts often found in scholarly publications.

Vocabulary

It is the foundation of effective communication. It includes words we read, hear, speak, and write.

Context clues

Hints found in a sentence or paragraph that help deduce the meaning of unfamiliar words

Synonym

Words may be explained through their synonyms or direct definitions within the sentence

Antonyms

Opposite meanings or contrasting elements help clarify unfamiliar words

General clues

General context or overall meaning of a passage helps infer word meaning

Word structure

Analyzing prefixes, suffixes, and root words reveals meaning.

Prefixes

Appear at the beginning of words and alter meaning

Suffixes

Added at the end of words to change their form or function

Affixes

A grammatical element that is added to a root word to make new words

Root words

it carries the core meaning. Other word parts are added to create new words

Denotation

It is the dictionary definition

Connotation

It is the emotional or cultural association

To express or entertain

The author shares feelings, thoughts or experiences to entertain or reflect

Intended audience

The specific group of people the author writes for

Author’s purpose

the reason on why they write texts.

To persuade

The author tries to convince a reader to believe or do something

To inform

The author provides facts or explains a topic

Author’s tone

it is the author’s attitude toward the subject or audience

Point of view

refers to who is telling the story. It shapes how the story is presented and what information is revealed

First person

“I” or “We” (The narrator is a character)

Second person

“You” (Rare in literature; used in instructions)

Third person limited

Outside narrator, knows one character’s thoughts

Third person omniscient

Outside character, knows all character’s thoughts

Statements of fact

a verifiable and objective statement about the nature of the physical world that can be proven true or false using evidence, observations, or records.

Expressions of opinion

a statement based on personal beliefs, feelings or interpretations rather than objective facts.

incorrect information

information that is false or inaccurate, either due to error or misunderstanding

Misinformation

false information shared without harmful intent

disinformation

false information shared with the intent to deceive