Nur202 Exam 1 Ch 1-6

Florence Nightingale

Founder of modern nursing, opened the first nursing school, influenced foundation of ethics by making first known code of ethics, a pledge. Focused on clean area, fresh air, sterile fields, and emotional needs; proved her ways made improvements through statistics and mathematical summaries, mortality dropped to 2%.

Mary Seacole

Black nurse on the fronts of Crimean War, nutrition care based, earned respect of soldiers and staff.

Lillian Wald

Cofounder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), focused on public health nursing and started home care nursing.

critical thinking

a process of discernment, evaluation, and problem solving used in the science of nursing to create and implement nursing care.

4%

What is the percentage of decrease in deaths when a workforce is BSN prepared?

compassionate care

Science has demonstrated that _______ _______ in nursing has a positive influence on the clinical experiences of patients and their healing.

resilience

A positive recovery process from adversity, in nursing is the intrinsic ability to flourish despite challenging circumstances

false

true or false, students and new nurses should be given an opportunity to use their own set of personal values in nursing practice, along with their professional values.

code of ethics

A guide for carrying out professional responsibilities consistent with quality in nursing care

5 values of nursing

confidentiality, respect, safeguarding, professional competence, being of service

miasma theory

Theory that illness was caused by free floating ‘thing’, associated with a bad smell. Before knowledge of germs.

False

True or False? Medical leeches are no longer used in medicine due to their potential to disseminate infectious diseases.

family

For a patient, “a ____ is who the patient says it is”

true

True or False? In the history of medical care, families should bring those who were sick to religious leaders or healers for help. At that time the body’s four humors were believed to influence one’s ability to heal. The four humors were blood (sanguine), yellow bile (choleric), phlegm (phlegmatic), and black bile (melancholic).

increased

According to the Gallup Poll 2021, during the COVID pandemic trust in nurses increased or decreased?

A

Which of the following does not represent a strong influencing factor to the public’s positive image of nursing?

1. Option A

   The average age and experience of a working nurse 

2. Option B

   Excellence in responding to individual human needs 

3. Option C

   The continued trustworthiness 

4. Option D

   Quality care provided to patients, families, and each other as nurses 

B, C, E, F

The image of nursing includes both positive and negative views. Which of the following are considered negative views one may hold of the profession? (Select all that apply)

1. Option A

   Upwardly mobile 

2. Option B

   Submission 

3. Option C

   Physician inferior 

4. Option D

   Steadfastness 

5. Option E

   Sexual stereotypes 

6. Option F

   Female dominated 

7. Option G

   Length of time on unit for more senior nurses 

social media

personal platform that can be used for good by nurses sharing personal stories and love for the profession.

true

True or False? A professional nurse’s view of their work affects self-esteem.

A

While working in a busy hospital, a nurse finds the environment of their unit to be struggling with interpersonal negativity. Which of the following has been shown to be influential in this perspective?

1. Option A

   The nursing unit environment 

2. Option B

   The typical diagnoses of the patients 

3. Option C

   The shift a nurse works 

4. Option D

   The lack of focus on quality care 

autonomy

Key image applied to nursing about growing confidence to make executive decisions as a nurse, NOT the same as independence

economics, religious, and cultural values

Three things that impact global images of nursing

D

Research has shown that nursing leadership influences one’s satisfaction with a career in nursing. Which of the following is not considered a nurse leader’s influence on this satisfaction?

1. Option A

   Unit operations and feelings of empowerment 

2. Option B

   Trust in decision making 

3. Option C

   Nurse staffing decisions 

4. Option D

   Charge nurse selection of patient assignments 

17%

Percentage of new nurses leaving their position within one year.

D

Those new to nursing need to be supported during their early years. One of the most influential ways in which leadership can provide this support is to:

1. Option A

   Allow new nurses to assist with writing job descriptions 

2. Option B

   Offer competitive raises 

3. Option C

   Provide early cross-training to intensive care/critical care environments 

4. Option D

   Provide opportunities for positive transitions/integration with the staff 

Magnet Status

A national designation that can be awarded to hospitals when an accreditation body acknowledges a strong commitment to clinical and institutional excellence. Can attract nurses as it recognizes leadership with nursing strategic goals.

True

True or False? Contrary to popular belief, for-profit status hospitals tend to care for lower-income populations.

career satisfaction

Content with being a nurse, more general

job satisfaction

Being content with ones current position, or specific job title.

B

In discussing the difference between taking care of a patient and providing care for a patient, one can discern the difference as:

1. Option A

   Providing care focuses on hospital procedures and protocols to ensure timely discharge.

2. Option B

   Providing care focuses on nursing interventions and caring for a patient focuses on physical and emotional needs.

3. Option C

   Taking care of a patient primarily focuses on individualized care, not family-focused care.

4. Option D

   Taking care of a patient and providing care of a patient has little to no difference. 

centrality of caring

The identity of a nurse in relationship to their caring role

convergent

Type of learner that uses logic, prefer technical tasks, problem solving, what the whole education system is based on

accommodative

Type of learner that prefers feelings over thinking

divergent

type of learner who prefers imagination and artistic things

assimilative

type of learner who wants more understanding and reflection out of learning

A, C, D, E, F

Patients who are hospitalized can suffer influences on their ability to learn how to care for themselves when they get home. Which of the following are influences to a patient clinical status that are known to interfere with health education? (Select all that apply)

1. Option A

   Fatigue 

2. Option B

   Presence of family members 

3. Option C

   Sleep disorders 

4. Option D

   Illnesses 

5. Option E

   Quick clinic visits or short hospital stays 

6. Option F

   Complicated selfcare needs 

50%

According to research, approximately what percent of Americans have some difficulty completely understanding what is being taught to them about their health care needs?

self-care abilities, compliance

Research has demonstrated that patient and family education improves ______ and promotes ________ to treatment plans.

respect, honor, time, listening, protection

5 components of dignity.

dignity

courageous acts of goodwill

community health nurse

A type of nurse who focuses on populations, often vulnerable ones, and communities of people in need

community health worker

A term to describe a community health advocate who provides community outreach and promotes community health services

community assessments, program planning, program implementation, program evaluation

Four core services of the nursing process specifically for community health nurses

social determinant of health

Conditions in the environment where people are born, live, learn, work, etc that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks. Anything effecting your health that isn’t biological

A, B, C, F

The phrase “social determinants of health” includes a wide berth of health-related features. For instance, which of the following are considered SDOH related to one’s neighborhood? (Select all that apply)

1. Option A

   Food security and access 

2. Option B

   Safety of neighborhoods and walkability 

3. Option C

   Presence of safe recreational areas 

4. Option D

   Gender and ethnicity of neighbors 

5. Option E

   Educational status of individuals 

6. Option F

   Economic status 

true

True or False? One’s zip code is now considered a major influence on the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) on one’s life longevity.

1. True

2. False

Urban Americans

Do urban Americans or rural Americans experience greater impacts of SDOH (social determinants of health)

D

Community health nursing has a significant impact on social determinants of health. Which of the following statements does not represent the impact of SDOH on communities at risk?

1. Option A

   Women in rural areas of America experience an increased impact of SDOH 

2. Option B

   “Marginalized” members of the nation’s population are at increased risk of the impact of SDOH

3. Option C

   Nurses who deliver culturally congruent care and condemn discrimination lower the impact of SDOH

4. Option D

   Urban Americans experience greater impacts of SDOH over rural Americans 

change their name

Transgender individuals who legally __________ experience more stable housing and less discrimination

health disparities

Unfair, unjust, avoidable differences in health found between groups and based on risks and resources. Causes one part of population is disproportionally effected by a certain health issue.

Henderson

Nursing theorist who developed a list of 14 basic human needs in order of most important to least, of goals for health in patients. They range from appropriately functioning basic physiology to active social and emotional stimulation and welfare.

Praxis, empowerment, awareness, cooperation, evolvement

Acronym PEACE, from Chinn

praxis

Keeping actions consistent with one’s knowledge and values - Chinn

evolvement

actively encouraging and embracing growth and change for the group and its members

empowerment

Nurturing each person’s abilities and strengths in the context of respect for everyone in the community

awareness

active searching for deep meanings beyond the surface, using a lens that is deliberately committed to values of Peace and Power

Cooperation

Actions that are shaped by commitments to group solidarity while integrating the range of diversity that exists in the group

power over

Power that is from outside the group, controlling the group, i.e “I want the results” and Telling people what to do

power within

Power that stems from inside the group, including the process and not one person directing.

power of responsibility

keeping processes transparent to support informed choices and decisions that promote the well-being of the group and its members

power of division

a few are privileged while others lack knowledge, skills, and resources.

Watson’s carative factors

List of 10 elements that enhance and support the patient’s experience with caring and are seen as essential elements of the nurse-patient interaction as well as those elements employed to support the caring process. Absence of these leads patients to have disharmony and lower satisfaction.