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Where are the cerebral peduncles located?
midbrain
Where are the cerebellar peduncles located?
pons
What is the function of the midbrain?
control sleep cycle, alertness, and temperature regulation
What is the function of the medulla?
controls vital functioning
Are the IHCs efferent or afferent?
afferent
Are the OHCs efferent or afferent?
efferent
What is the function of the IHCs?
relay sensory information to the brain (hearing)
What is the function of the OHCs?
amplify the sound signal
Why are there different fluids in the cochlea?
creates positive ion potential, causes ions to move
What happens when Ca and K enter the hair cell?
depolarization → causes an action potential
Where does binaural hearing start?
superior olive
Where does sound localization occur?
inferior colliculus
Where does monaural hearing occur?
cochlear nucleus
What part of the thalamus is included in the auditory system?
medial geniculate body
What is the function of the dorsal stream?
motion detection (“where” information)
What is the function of the ventral stream?
object recognition (“what” information)
What is the function of the hippocampus?
learning and memory
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
homeostasis, hunger and thirst, vital functioning
What is the function of the amygdala?
emotional control, how you see yourself
Is dorsal sensory or motor?
sensory
Is ventral sensory or motor?
motor
What is the function of the dorsal column pathway?
touch, proprioception, vibration
What is the function of the spinothalamic tract?
slower sensory information, pain and temperature
Does the corticospinal tract have contralateral or bilateral control?
contralateral
Does the corticobulbar tract have contralateral or bilateral control?
bilateral
What is the function of the UMNs?
initiation, planning, and modulation of movement (CST, CBT)
What is the function of the LMNs?
execution of movement
Does the basil ganglia have contralateral or ipsilateral control?
contralateral
Does the cerebellum have contralateral or ipsilateral control?
ipsilateral
