World History Review Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards from lecture notes on world history topics.

Song Dynasty

Chinese dynasty that used traditional methods of Confucianism and bureaucracy to maintain and justify its rule.

Neo-Confucianism

A branch of Confucianism that influenced regions like Japan and Korea.

Commercialization in Song China

The commercialization of Song China led to economic flourishing and growth.

Innovations in Song Dynasty

Innovations in agriculture and manufacturing during the Song Dynasty led to the development of transportation methods and the production of steel and iron.

Muslim Expansion

Expansion of beliefs was achieved through military violence and trade.

Muslim Intellectual Innovations

Muslims contributed to advances in mathematics, literature, and medicine.

Europe

A state characterized by decentralized monarchies, feudalism, and the manorial system.

Kashgar and Samarkand

Trading cities that grew due to increased trade along the Silk Roads.

Paper Money

Developed and used due to the increased volume of trade.

Mass Production of Trade Items

Indian textiles and Chinese iron.

Mongols

Nomadic group that created an empire that facilitated trade and innovation.

Monsoon Winds

Essential for travel as it made traveling overseas a lot more efficient.

Trans-Saharan Trade Routes

An interregional trade route that became more efficient due to innovations in transportation, such as caravans and camel saddles.

Diffusion of Religion in Southeast Asia

The spread of Buddhism and Hinduism into Southeast Asia.

Spread of Gunpowder

The spread of gunpowder from China across the world.

Diffusion of Crops

The spread of bananas in Africa.

Bubonic Plague

A deadly disease that spread due to increased trade.

Gunpowder

Imperial expansion relied on the increased use of this.

Major Land Based Empires

Manchu, Mughal, Ottoman, Safavid

Protestant Reformation

A break in traditional Christian ideologies, which led to the growth of Christianity as a whole.

Sikhism

Developed in South Asia, as it was a mix of Hinduism and Islam.

European Technological Innovations

Innovations made transoceanic travel and trade possible.

Maritime Exploration

State sponsored this in order to find alternate routes to Asia.

Columbian Exchange

The transfer of new diseases, food, plants, and animals between the Eastern and Western hemispheres.

Smallpox

Deadly disease that decimated indigenous populations in the Americas.

Coffee, Cotton, and Tobacco

Cash crops such as these were exported to Europe and the Middle East, mainly getting harvested by unpaid workers, and coerced labor.

Encomienda System

Europeans used the promise of this to get Indigenous people to work for them.

Chattel Slavery

Slaves became property, as well as it becoming race based, and slavery became hereditary.

Indentured Servants

Contracts selling part of their life as labor, for a normal life in the future.

Hacienda System

Large estates where slaves would work on those fields, was focused on food exports.

Mercantilist Policies

These policies were used by European rulers to expand and control their economies.

Silver

This product especially from Spanish Colonies impacted to China, as China wanted A LOT of it.

Resistance to State Expansion

Slave resistance, as well the establishment of maroon societies in the Caribbean and Brazil, as well as NA slave resistance.

Casta System

A system of social hierarchy in the Spanish colonies.

Han

Qing repressed this ethnic group.