QUIZ 2 DRUGS CPH

amlodipine Brand..

Norvasc

amlodipine Primary Indication(s)..Hypertension

amlodipine Drug class.. Calcium Channel Blocker, Dihydropyridine

amlodipine Common Adult Dose..

2.5 - 10 mg PO once daily

amlodipine Boxed Warnings..

None

amlodipine Mechanism of action..

inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is vascular selective

amlodipine and benazepril Brand..

Lotrel

amlodipine and benazepril Primary Indication(s)..

Hypertension

amlodipine and benazepril Drug class.. Calcium Channel Blocker, Dihydropyridine + Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor

amlodipine and benazepril Common Adult Dose..

Amlodipine 2.5 - 10 mg/ Benazepril 10 - 40 mg PO once daily

amlodipine and benazepril boxed warning..

Fetal toxicity

amlodipine and benazepril Mechanism of action..

inhibit L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is vascular selective; also inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

bumetanide Brand..

Bumex

bumetanide Primary Indication(s)..

Edema or volume overload

bumetanide Drug class..

Loop diuretic

bumetanide Common Adult Dose..

0.5 -2 mg PO/IV once daily

bumetanide boxed warning..

Fluid/electrolyte loss

bumetanide Mechanism of action..

inhibits the Na+K+2Cl- transport protein @ thick ascending loop of Henle, thus inhibiting reabsorption of Na+ and Cl-

furosemide Brand..

Lasix

furosemide Primary Indication(s)..

Edema or volume overload

furosemide Drug class..

Loop diuretic

furosemide Common Adult Dose..

20 - 80 mg PO once daily

furosemide boxed warning..

Fluid/electrolyte loss

furosemide Mechanism of action..

inhibits the Na+K+2Cl- transport protein @ thick ascending loop of Henle, thus inhibiting reabsorption of Na+ and H2O, leading to diuresis

diltiazem Brand.. Cardizem, Cardizem CD, Cardizem LA, Cartia XT

diltiazem Primary Indication(s)..

Atrial fibrillation

diltiazem Drug class..

Calcium Channel Blocker, Nondihydropyridine Antiarrhythmic Agent, Class IV

diltiazem Common Adult Dose..

IR: 120 - 480 mg per day in 3-4 divided doses

ER: 120 - 480 mg PO per day in 1-2 divided doses

diltiazem boxed warning..

None

diltiazem Mechanism of action..

inhibit L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is cardiac selective

chlorthalidone Brand..

Hygroton

chlorthalidone Primary Indication(s)..

Hypertension

chlorthalidone Drug class..

Thiazide-related diuretic

chlorthalidone Common Adult Dose..

12.5 - 25 mg PO once daily

chlorthalidone Mechanism of action..

inhibit Na+Cl- cotransporter @ distal convoluted tubule, this inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and causing increased Na+ and water excretion

hydrochlorothiazide Brand.. Microzide

hydrochlorothiazide Primary Indication(s)..

Hypertension

hydrochlorothiazide Common Adult Dose..

12.5 - 25 mg PO once daily

hydrochlorothiazide Mechanism of action..

inhibit Na+Cl- cotransporter @ distal convoluted tubule, thus inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and causing increased Na+ and water excretion

isosorbide mononitrate Brand..

Imdur

isosorbide mononitrate Primary Indication(s)..

Angina

isosorbide mononitrate Drug class..

Vasodilator

isosorbide mononitrate Common Adult Dose..

IR: 5 - 20 mg PO BID

ER: 30 - 120 mg PO once daily

isosorbide mononitrate Boxed warning..

None

isosorbide mononitrate Mechanism of action..

ultimately leads to an increase in cGMP, with subsequent vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation and vasodilation; preferentially dilates veins, but also dilates arteries and leads to a decrease in myocardial workload

losartan and hydrochlorothiazide Brand..

Hyzaar

losartan and hydrochlorothiazide Primary Indication(s)..

Hypertension

losartan and hydrochlorothiazide Drug class..

Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) + Thiazide diuretic

losartan and hydrochlorothiazide Common Adult Dose..

Losartan 50-100 mg/Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 - 25 mg PO once daily

losartan and hydrochlorothiazide Boxed warning..

Fetal toxicity

losartan and hydrochlorothiazide Mechanism of action..

selective antagonist of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and inhibits Na+Cl- cotransporter @ distal convoluted tubule, thus inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and causing increased Na+ and water excretion

nifedipine Brand..

Procardia XL, Nifedical, Adalat XL

nifedipine Primary Indication(s)..

Hypertension

nifedipine Drug class..

Calcium Channel Blocker, Dihydropyridine

nifedipine Common Adult Dose..

ER: 30 - 90 mg PO once daily

nifedipine Boxed warning..

None

nifedipine Mechanism of action..

inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is vascular selective

nitroglycerin Brand..

Nitrostat

nitroglycerin Primary Indication(s)..

Angina

nitroglycerin Drug class..

Vasodilator

nitroglycerin Common Adult Dose..

SL tab: Dissolve 0.4 mg sublingually at the first sign of chest pain; repeat every 5 minutes up to 3 doses

nitroglycerin Boxed Warning..

None

nitroglycerin Mechanism of action..

bioactivated to release NO in vascular smooth muscle cells; ultimately leads to an increase in cGMP, with subsequent vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation and vasodilation; preferentially dilates veins, but also dilates arteries and leads to a decrease in myocardial workload

spironolactone Brand..

Aldactone

spironolactone Primary Indication(s)..

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

spironolactone Drug class..

Potassium Sparing Diuretic, Mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) Receptor Antagonist

spironolactone Common Adult Dose..

12.5 - 50 mg PO once daily Spironolactone Boxed Warning..

spironolactone Mechanism of action..

antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor @ the collecting duct, thus increasing Na+, Cl- and water excretion, while conserving K+ and H+ ions

triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide Brand..

Dyazide Maxzide

triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide Primary Indication(s)..

Hypertension

triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide Drug class..

Potassium Sparing Diuretic + Thiazide Diuretic

triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide Common Adult Dose.. Hydrochlorothiazide 25 - 50 mg/Triamterene 37.5 - 75 mg PO once daily

triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide Boxed Warning

Hyperkalemia

torsemide Brand..

Demadex

torsemide Primary Indication(s)..

Edema or volume overload

torsemide Drug class..

Loop diuretic

torsemide Common Adult Dose..

5 - 50 mg PO once daily

torsemide Boxed Warning..

None

torsemide mechanism of action..

inhibits the Na+K+2Cl- transport protein @ thick ascending loop of Henle, thus inhibiting reabsorption of Na+ and H2O, leading to diuresis

verapamil Brand.. Calan SR, Verelan, Verelan PM

verapamil Primary Indication(s)..

Atrial fibrillation

verapamil Drug class..

Calcium Channel Blocker, Nondihydropyridine Antiarrhythmic Agent, Class IV

verapamil Common Adult Dose..

IR: 120 - 480 mg PO per day in 3-4 divided doses ER: 120 - 480 mg PO once daily

verapamil Boxed warning..

None

verapamil mechanism of action..

inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle (thus leading to vasodilation) and cardiac cells (thus decreased cardiac contractility); but is cardiac selective

lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide Brand..

Zestoretic

lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide Primary Indication(s)..

Hypertension

lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide Drug class..

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor + Thiazide diuretic

lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide Common Adult Dose..

Lisinopril 10-20 mg/Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 - 25 mg PO once daily

lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide Boxed warning..

Fetal toxicity

lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide Mechanism of action..

inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and inhibits Na+Cl- cotransporter @ distal convoluted tubule, this inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and causing increased Na+ and water excretion