exp 10: lemon cinnamon mouthwash

Mouthwash

are adjunct to, not a substitute for, regular brushing and flossing

Plaque

primary aetiologic agent int he development of dental caries, gingivitis, and, periodontal disease

mechanical removal of plaque

_____________ through frequent and efficacious brushing and flossing is the principle means of preventing periodontal disease and diminishing the risk of caries

Mouthwashing

easier to perform and may aid in controlling supragingiva plaque and gingivitis

short periods of time

Mouthwashes should only be used for ______ and should never be the sole means of oral hygiene

Chlorhexidine gluconate

is a cationic bis-guanide with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity

Chlorhexidine gluconate

currently the most effective mouthwash for reducing plaque and gingivitis

Chlorhexidine

may also potentiate oral discomfort in patients with chemo-therapy induced mucositis, xerostomia, or ulcerative oral mucosal conditions

Benzydamine hydrochloride

added to some chlorhexidine containing mouthwashes for its AAA and anesthetic properties,

thymol

eucalyptol

menthol

methyl salicylate

4 phenol related essential oils that claim to penetrate the plaque biofilm and kill microorganisms that cause gingivitis.

phenol related essential oils

MOA involve bacterial cell destruction, enzyme inhibition, and extraction of endotoxin from gram negative bacterial

Cetylpyridinium chloride

quaternary ammonium compound with antiseptic and antimicrobial properties

Cetylpyridinium chloride

it is cationic and thus binds to bacterial surfaces causing disruption of cell membranes, leakage of intracellular components and disruption of metabolism.

Sodium benzoate

if active ingredient, acts by dispersing fatty proteinacious substances

Triclosan

increase ability of mouthwash

Hydrogen peroxide

has been used as treatment for minor gingivitis for its oxidizing cleansing properties

Hydrogen peroxide

a bleaching agent used for its oxidative properties

Hydrogen peroxide

recommended for the treatment of acute ulcerative disease

Hydrogen peroxide

Used for stain removal

Povidone iodone

an iodophore which iodine is linked to povidone.

Povidone iodine

display affinity for the cell membrane thereby delivering free iodine directly to the bacterial cell

Povidone iodine

broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses

Metabolic complications

absorption of excess iodine has been postulated to result in ____

lysozyme

lactoferrin

glucose oxidase

lactoperoxidase

mouthwashes that are directed against the bacterial peroxidase system contain 4 enzymes namely:

Fluoride

assists in the prevention of dental caries by promoting remineralization of fluorapatite and fluorohydroxyapatite thereby increasing enamel resistance to acid attack

Fluoride

available in different concentrations as acidulated phosphate fluoride or sodium fluoride