NVCC BIO 141 Chapter 9 (Muscle Identification)

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Last updated 3:39 PM on 7/1/26
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96 Terms

1
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Frontalis

raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

O: epicranial aponeurosis

I: skin of eyebrows

<p>raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead</p><p>O: epicranial aponeurosis</p><p>I: skin of eyebrows</p>
2
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Corrugator supercilii

draws eyebrows medially

O: frontal bone

I: skin of eyebrows

<p>draws eyebrows medially</p><p>O: frontal bone</p><p>I: skin of eyebrows</p>
3
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Orbicularis oculi

closes eye

O: frontal bone and maxilla

I: skin of orbital area

<p>closes eye</p><p>O: frontal bone and maxilla</p><p>I: skin of orbital area</p>
4
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Levator labii superioris

elevates upper lip

O: zygomatic bone and maxilla

I: skin of upper lip

<p>elevates upper lip</p><p>O: zygomatic bone and maxilla</p><p>I: skin of upper lip</p>
5
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Zygomaticus major

Elevates corners of mouth and pulls laterally

O: zygomatic bone

I: skin of corner of mouth

<p>Elevates corners of mouth and pulls laterally</p><p>O: zygomatic bone</p><p>I: skin of corner of mouth</p>
6
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Zygomatic minor

Elevates lateral portion of upper lip

O: zygomatic bone

I: skin of lateral upper lip

<p>Elevates lateral portion of upper lip</p><p>O: zygomatic bone</p><p>I: skin of lateral upper lip</p>
7
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Risorius

Pulls angle of mouth laterally

O: connective tissue near ear

I: angle of mouth

<p>Pulls angle of mouth laterally</p><p>O: connective tissue near ear</p><p>I: angle of mouth</p>
8
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Orbicularis oris

closes and protrudes lips

O: maxilla and mandible

I: skin near lips

<p>closes and protrudes lips</p><p>O: maxilla and mandible</p><p>I: skin near lips</p>
9
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Depressor anguli oris

Draws corners of mouth inferiorly

O: Mandible

I: angle of mouth

<p>Draws corners of mouth inferiorly</p><p>O: Mandible</p><p>I: angle of mouth</p>
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Depressor labii inferioris

Protrudes lower lip

O: mandible

I: skin of lower lip

<p>Protrudes lower lip</p><p>O: mandible</p><p>I: skin of lower lip</p>
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Mentalis

Protrudes lower lip

O: mandible

I: skin of the chin

<p>Protrudes lower lip</p><p>O: mandible</p><p>I: skin of the chin</p>
12
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Buccinator

compresses cheek

O: maxilla and mandible

I: connective tissue of cheeks and lips

<p>compresses cheek</p><p>O: maxilla and mandible</p><p>I: connective tissue of cheeks and lips</p>
13
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Platysma

Depressor lower lip

Depressor mandible (slightly)

Tenses skin on the neck

O: connective tissue of shoulder

I: mandible

<p>Depressor lower lip</p><p>Depressor mandible (slightly)</p><p>Tenses skin on the neck</p><p>O: connective tissue of shoulder</p><p>I: mandible</p>
14
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Masseter

elevates mandible

O: zygomatic arch

I: mandible

<p>elevates mandible</p><p>O: zygomatic arch</p><p>I: mandible</p>
15
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Temporalis

elevates and retracts mandible

O: lateral skull

I: mandible

<p>elevates and retracts mandible</p><p>O: lateral skull</p><p>I: mandible</p>
16
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Medial pterygoid

Elevates and protracts mandible

O: sphenoid bone

I: mandible

<p>Elevates and protracts mandible</p><p>O: sphenoid bone</p><p>I: mandible</p>
17
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Lateral pterygoid

Depresses and protracts mandible and moves it from side to side

O: sphenoid bone

I: mandible

<p>Depresses and protracts mandible and moves it from side to side</p><p>O: sphenoid bone</p><p>I: mandible</p>
18
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Sternocleidomastoid

flexes neck; rotates head

O: sternum and clavicle

I: mastoid process

<p>flexes neck; rotates head</p><p>O: sternum and clavicle</p><p>I: mastoid process</p>
19
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Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior)

Laterally flexes neck; Elevates ribs

O: cervical spine

I: upper ribs

<p>Laterally flexes neck; Elevates ribs</p><p>O: cervical spine</p><p>I: upper ribs</p>
20
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Trapezius (upper)

Extends neck

O: external occipital protuberance and cervical spine

I: clavicle

<p>Extends neck</p><p>O: external occipital protuberance and cervical spine</p><p>I: clavicle</p>
21
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Iliocostalis

Erector spinae group

Extends trunk; Laterally flex trunk

O: pelvis and ribs

I: ribs and vertebrae

<p>Erector spinae group</p><p>Extends trunk; Laterally flex trunk</p><p>O: pelvis and ribs</p><p>I: ribs and vertebrae</p>
22
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Longissimus

Erector spinae group

Extends trunk; Laterally flex trunk

O: pelvis and vertebrae

I: ribs and vertebrae

<p>Erector spinae group</p><p>Extends trunk; Laterally flex trunk</p><p>O: pelvis and vertebrae</p><p>I: ribs and vertebrae</p>
23
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Spinalis

Erector spinae group

Extends trunk; Laterally flex trunk

O: vertebrae

I: vertebrae

<p>Erector spinae group</p><p>Extends trunk; Laterally flex trunk</p><p>O: vertebrae</p><p>I: vertebrae</p>
24
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Quadratus lumborum

Extends trunk; Laterally flex trunk

O: ilium

I: rib 12 and lumbar spine

<p>Extends trunk; Laterally flex trunk</p><p>O: ilium</p><p>I: rib 12 and lumbar spine</p>
25
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Diaphragm

Flattens, lowers the "floor" of thoracic cavity

O: ribs, vertebrae

I: central tendon of diaphragm

<p>Flattens, lowers the "floor" of thoracic cavity</p><p>O: ribs, vertebrae</p><p>I: central tendon of diaphragm</p>
26
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External intercostals

elevate ribs (inspiration)

O: ribs

I: ribs

<p>elevate ribs (inspiration)</p><p>O: ribs</p><p>I: ribs</p>
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Internal intercostals

depress ribs during forced exhalation

O: ribs

I: ribs

<p>depress ribs during forced exhalation</p><p>O: ribs</p><p>I: ribs</p>
28
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Rectus abdominis

flexes trunk and compresses abdomen

O: pubic bone

I: ribs

<p>flexes trunk and compresses abdomen</p><p>O: pubic bone</p><p>I: ribs</p>
29
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External oblique

Flexes trunk; Laterally flex trunk; Contralateral rotation of trunk; compresses abdomen

O: ribs

I: pelvis

<p>Flexes trunk; Laterally flex trunk; Contralateral rotation of trunk; compresses abdomen</p><p>O: ribs</p><p>I: pelvis</p>
30
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Internal oblique

Flexes trunk; Laterally flex trunk; Ipsilateral rotation of trunk; compresses the abdomen

O: pelvis

I: ribs

<p>Flexes trunk; Laterally flex trunk; Ipsilateral rotation of trunk; compresses the abdomen</p><p>O: pelvis</p><p>I: ribs</p>
31
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Transverse abdominis

Compress abdominal cavity

O: pelvis, costal cartilage, thoracolumbar fascia

I: pelvis

<p>Compress abdominal cavity</p><p>O: pelvis, costal cartilage, thoracolumbar fascia</p><p>I: pelvis</p>
32
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Levator scapulae

Elevate scapula

O: cervical spine

I: superior angle of scapula

<p>Elevate scapula</p><p>O: cervical spine</p><p>I: superior angle of scapula</p>
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Rhomboid major and minor

Retract scapula; Elevate scapula

O: thoracic spine

I: medial border of scapula

<p>Retract scapula; Elevate scapula</p><p>O: thoracic spine</p><p>I: medial border of scapula</p>
34
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Trapezius (superior)

Elevate scapula

O: External occipital protuberance and cervical spine

I: clavicle

<p>Elevate scapula</p><p>O: External occipital protuberance and cervical spine</p><p>I: clavicle</p>
35
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Trapezius (middle and inferior)

Retract scapula; Depress scapula

O: Spinous process of thoracic spine

I: scapula spine and acromion

<p>Retract scapula; Depress scapula</p><p>O: Spinous process of thoracic spine</p><p>I: scapula spine and acromion</p>
36
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Pectoralis minor

Protract and depress scapula

O: Ribs

I: coracoid process

<p>Protract and depress scapula</p><p>O: Ribs</p><p>I: coracoid process</p>
37
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Serratus anterior

Protract scapula

O: Ribs

I: medial border of scapula

<p>Protract scapula</p><p>O: Ribs</p><p>I: medial border of scapula</p>
38
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Pectoralis major

Flex shoulder; Adduct shoulder; Internally rotate shoulder

O: Sternum, costal cartilage

I: Proximal humerus

<p>Flex shoulder; Adduct shoulder; Internally rotate shoulder</p><p>O: Sternum, costal cartilage</p><p>I: Proximal humerus</p>
39
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Latissimus dorsi

Extend shoulder; Adduct shoulder; Internally rotate shoulder

O: Iliac crest, lumbar and lower thoracic spine

I: humerus

<p>Extend shoulder; Adduct shoulder; Internally rotate shoulder</p><p>O: Iliac crest, lumbar and lower thoracic spine</p><p>I: humerus</p>
40
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Deltoid

Abduct shoulder; Flex shoulder (anterior); Extend shoulder (posterior)

O: scapula

I: humerus

<p>Abduct shoulder; Flex shoulder (anterior); Extend shoulder (posterior)</p><p>O: scapula</p><p>I: humerus</p>
41
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Teres major

Adduct shoulder; Extend shoulder; Internally rotate shoulder

O: scapula

I: humerus

<p>Adduct shoulder; Extend shoulder; Internally rotate shoulder</p><p>O: scapula</p><p>I: humerus</p>
42
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Coracobrachialis

flexes and adducts arm

O: Coracoid process

I: humerus

<p>flexes and adducts arm</p><p>O: Coracoid process</p><p>I: humerus</p>
43
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Supraspinatus

Abduct shoulder; stabilizes the glenohumeral joint

O: supraspinous fossa

I: humerus

<p>Abduct shoulder; stabilizes the glenohumeral joint</p><p>O: supraspinous fossa</p><p>I: humerus</p>
44
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Infraspinatus

Laterally rotates shoulder; stabilizes the glenohumeral joint

O: infraspinous fossa

I: humerus

<p>Laterally rotates shoulder; stabilizes the glenohumeral joint</p><p>O: infraspinous fossa</p><p>I: humerus</p>
45
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Teres minor

rotates arm laterally; stabilizes the glenohumeral joint

O: posterior scapula

I: humerus

<p>rotates arm laterally; stabilizes the glenohumeral joint</p><p>O: posterior scapula</p><p>I: humerus</p>
46
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Subscapularis

medially rotates arm; stabilize the glenohumeral joint

O: subscapular fossa

I: humerus

<p>medially rotates arm; stabilize the glenohumeral joint</p><p>O: subscapular fossa</p><p>I: humerus</p>
47
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Biceps brachii

Flexes and supinates forearm

O: Supraglenoid tubercle (long head) and coracoid process (short head)

I: radial tuberosity

<p>Flexes and supinates forearm</p><p>O: Supraglenoid tubercle (long head) and coracoid process (short head)</p><p>I: radial tuberosity</p>
48
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Brachialis

flexes elbow

O: humerus

I: ulna

<p>flexes elbow</p><p>O: humerus</p><p>I: ulna</p>
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Brachioradialis

flexes elbow

O: distal humerus

I: distal radius

<p>flexes elbow</p><p>O: distal humerus</p><p>I: distal radius</p>
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Triceps brachii

extends elbow

O: infraglenoid tubercle and posterior humerus

I: olecranon process

<p>extends elbow</p><p>O: infraglenoid tubercle and posterior humerus</p><p>I: olecranon process</p>
51
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Anconeus

extends elbow

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: olecranon process

<p>extends elbow</p><p>O: lateral epicondyle of humerus</p><p>I: olecranon process</p>
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Pronator teres

Pronate elbow

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus

I: radius

<p>Pronate elbow</p><p>O: Medial epicondyle of humerus</p><p>I: radius</p>
53
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Flexor carpi radialis

flexes and abducts wrist

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: metacarpals

<p>flexes and abducts wrist</p><p>O: medial epicondyle of humerus</p><p>I: metacarpals</p>
54
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Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexes and adducts wrist

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: metacarpals

<p>Flexes and adducts wrist</p><p>O: medial epicondyle of humerus</p><p>I: metacarpals</p>
55
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Palmaris longus

flexes wrist

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus

I: flexor retinaculum

<p>flexes wrist</p><p>O: Medial epicondyle of humerus</p><p>I: flexor retinaculum</p>
56
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Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extends wrist and abducts wrist

O: humerus

I: posterior metacarpal #2

<p>Extends wrist and abducts wrist</p><p>O: humerus</p><p>I: posterior metacarpal #2</p>
57
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Extensor carpi radialis brevis

extends and abducts wrist

O: humerus

I: posterior metacarpal #3

<p>extends and abducts wrist</p><p>O: humerus</p><p>I: posterior metacarpal #3</p>
58
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Extensor carpi ulnaris

extends and adducts wrist

O: humerus

I: metacarpal #5

<p>extends and adducts wrist</p><p>O: humerus</p><p>I: metacarpal #5</p>
59
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Extensor digitorum

Extends digits 2-5

O: humerus

I: phalanges of digits 2-5

<p>Extends digits 2-5</p><p>O: humerus</p><p>I: phalanges of digits 2-5</p>
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Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexes digits 2-5 (proximal interphalangeal joint)

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: middle phalanges of digits 2-5

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Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexes digits 2-5 (distal interphalangeal joint)

O: anterior ulna

I: distal phalanges of digits 2-5

<p>Flexes digits 2-5 (distal interphalangeal joint)</p><p>O: anterior ulna</p><p>I: distal phalanges of digits 2-5</p>
62
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Flexor pollicis longus

Flexes thumb

O: radius

I: distal phalanx of digit #1

<p>Flexes thumb</p><p>O: radius</p><p>I: distal phalanx of digit #1</p>
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Abductor pollicis longus

Abducts thumb and wrist

O: radius and ulna

I: metacarpal #1

<p>Abducts thumb and wrist</p><p>O: radius and ulna</p><p>I: metacarpal #1</p>
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Extensor pollicis longus

Extends thumb

O: ulna

I: distal phalanx of digit #1

<p>Extends thumb</p><p>O: ulna</p><p>I: distal phalanx of digit #1</p>
65
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Iliacus

Flex hip

O: iliac fossa

I: lesser trochanter of femur

<p>Flex hip</p><p>O: iliac fossa</p><p>I: lesser trochanter of femur</p>
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Psoas major

Flex thigh; Flex trunk; Laterally flex trunk

O: transverse process and bodies of T12 and lumbar vertebrae

I: lesser trochanter

<p>Flex thigh; Flex trunk; Laterally flex trunk</p><p>O: transverse process and bodies of T12 and lumbar vertebrae</p><p>I: lesser trochanter</p>
67
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Sartorius

Flex hip, Flex knee, Abduct hip, Laterally rotate hip

O: ASIS

I: Medial proximal tibia

<p>Flex hip, Flex knee, Abduct hip, Laterally rotate hip</p><p>O: ASIS</p><p>I: Medial proximal tibia</p>
68
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Tensor fascia lata

Flex hip, Abduct hip, Medially rotate hip

O: iliac crest and ASIS

I: Iliotibial tract

<p>Flex hip, Abduct hip, Medially rotate hip</p><p>O: iliac crest and ASIS</p><p>I: Iliotibial tract</p>
69
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Adductor magnus

Adduct hip

O: pelvis

I: femur

<p>Adduct hip</p><p>O: pelvis</p><p>I: femur</p>
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Adductor longus

Adduct/Flex hip

O: pelvis

I: femur

<p>Adduct/Flex hip</p><p>O: pelvis</p><p>I: femur</p>
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Adductor brevis

Adduct/Flex hip

O: pelvis

I: femur

<p>Adduct/Flex hip</p><p>O: pelvis</p><p>I: femur</p>
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Pectineus

Adduct/Flex hip

O: pelvis

I: femur

<p>Adduct/Flex hip</p><p>O: pelvis</p><p>I: femur</p>
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Gracilis

Adduct/Flex knee

O: pelvis

I: tibia

<p>Adduct/Flex knee</p><p>O: pelvis</p><p>I: tibia</p>
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Gluteus maximus

Extend hip, Laterally rotate hip, Abduct hip

O: posterolateral ilium, sacrum, coccyx

I: gluteal tuberosity of femur

<p>Extend hip, Laterally rotate hip, Abduct hip</p><p>O: posterolateral ilium, sacrum, coccyx</p><p>I: gluteal tuberosity of femur</p>
75
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Gluteus medius

Abduct/Medially rotate hip/Coronal plane stability of pelvis while walking

O: outer surface of ilium I: greater trochanter

<p>Abduct/Medially rotate hip/Coronal plane stability of pelvis while walking</p><p>O: outer surface of ilium I: greater trochanter</p>
76
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Gluteus minimus

Abduct/Medially rotate hip/Coronal plane stability of pelvis while walking

O: outer surface of ilium I: greater trochanter

<p>Abduct/Medially rotate hip/Coronal plane stability of pelvis while walking</p><p>O: outer surface of ilium I: greater trochanter</p>
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Piriformis

Laterally rotate/Abduct hip

O: anterolateral sacrum I: greater trochanter

<p>Laterally rotate/Abduct hip</p><p>O: anterolateral sacrum I: greater trochanter</p>
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Popliteus

Knee flexion/internal rotation

O: lateral condyle of femur

I: tibia

<p>Knee flexion/internal rotation</p><p>O: lateral condyle of femur</p><p>I: tibia</p>
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Rectus femoris (Quad)

Flex hip/Extend knee

O: AIIS

I: patella/tibial tuberosity

<p>Flex hip/Extend knee</p><p>O: AIIS</p><p>I: patella/tibial tuberosity</p>
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Vastus lateralis (Quad)

extends knee

O: femur

I: patella/tibial tuberosity

<p>extends knee</p><p>O: femur</p><p>I: patella/tibial tuberosity</p>
81
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Vastus intermedius (Quad)

extends knee

O: femur

I: patella/tibial tuberosity

<p>extends knee</p><p>O: femur</p><p>I: patella/tibial tuberosity</p>
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Vastus medialis (Quad)

extends knee

O: femur

I: patella/tibial tuberosity

<p>extends knee</p><p>O: femur</p><p>I: patella/tibial tuberosity</p>
83
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Biceps femoris (Ham)

Extend hip/Flex knee

O: ischial tuberosity

I: fibular head

<p>Extend hip/Flex knee</p><p>O: ischial tuberosity</p><p>I: fibular head</p>
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Semitendinosus (Ham)

Extend hip/Flex knee

O: ischial tuberosity

I: proximal tibia

<p>Extend hip/Flex knee</p><p>O: ischial tuberosity</p><p>I: proximal tibia</p>
85
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Semimembranosus (Ham)

Extend hip/Flex knee

O: ischial tuberosity

I: proximal tibia

<p>Extend hip/Flex knee</p><p>O: ischial tuberosity</p><p>I: proximal tibia</p>
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Tibialis anterior

Ankle dorsiflexion/inversion

O: anterior tibia

I: first metatarsal

<p>Ankle dorsiflexion/inversion</p><p>O: anterior tibia</p><p>I: first metatarsal</p>
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Extensor digitorum longus

Extend toes/Ankle dorsiflexion

O: Tibia and fibular

I: Phalanges of toes 2-5

<p>Extend toes/Ankle dorsiflexion</p><p>O: Tibia and fibular</p><p>I: Phalanges of toes 2-5</p>
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Extensor hallucis longus

Extend hallux/Ankle dorsiflexion

O: fibula

I: hallux

<p>Extend hallux/Ankle dorsiflexion</p><p>O: fibula</p><p>I: hallux</p>
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Fibularis longus

Ankle eversion/plantarflexion

O: fibula

I: first metatarsal

<p>Ankle eversion/plantarflexion</p><p>O: fibula</p><p>I: first metatarsal</p>
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Fibularis brevis

Ankle eversion/plantarflexion

O: fibular

I: 5th metatarsal

<p>Ankle eversion/plantarflexion</p><p>O: fibular</p><p>I: 5th metatarsal</p>
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Gastrocnemius

Ankle plantarflexion/Knee flexion

O: femoral condyles

I: calcaneus

<p>Ankle plantarflexion/Knee flexion</p><p>O: femoral condyles</p><p>I: calcaneus</p>
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Soleus

Ankle plantarflexion

O: fibular head, tibia

I: calcaneus

<p>Ankle plantarflexion</p><p>O: fibular head, tibia</p><p>I: calcaneus</p>
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Plantaris

Ankle plantarflexion

O: posterior femur

I: calcaneus

<p>Ankle plantarflexion</p><p>O: posterior femur</p><p>I: calcaneus</p>
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Tibialis posterior

Ankle inversion/plantarflexion

O: posterior tibia, fibula I: metatarsals 2-4

<p>Ankle inversion/plantarflexion</p><p>O: posterior tibia, fibula I: metatarsals 2-4</p>
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Flexor digitorum longus

Flexes toes 2-5

O: Posterior tibia

I: distal phalanges of toes 2-5

<p>Flexes toes 2-5</p><p>O: Posterior tibia</p><p>I: distal phalanges of toes 2-5</p>
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Flexor hallucis longus

Flexes hallux, inverts foot

O: Fibula

I: distal phalanx of hallux

<p>Flexes hallux, inverts foot</p><p>O: Fibula</p><p>I: distal phalanx of hallux</p>