Understanding Conditional Statements and Loops in Java

If Statement

Executes code for the first true condition.

Else If Statement

Follows an if statement for additional conditions.

Else Statement

Executes if all previous conditions are false.

Boolean Expression

Evaluates to true or false.

Relational Operator

Compares values: <, <=, >, >=, ==, !=.

Boolean Method

Returns a boolean value from a method.

Boolean Variable

Stores a true or false value.

AND Operator

Combines expressions; all must be true.

OR Operator

Combines expressions; any can be true.

NOT Operator

Inverts the boolean value of an expression.

Short-Circuit Evaluation

Stops evaluating if the result is determined.

Division by Zero

Causes a program crash if unchecked.

Conditional Statement

Combines boolean expressions for decision making.

Parentheses in Conditions

Clarifies order of evaluation in expressions.

Chained Conditions

Multiple conditions linked with AND/OR operators.

True Condition

A condition that evaluates to true.

False Condition

A condition that evaluates to false.

Expression Evaluation Order

Checks from innermost to outermost parentheses.

Boolean Logic

Rules for combining true/false values.

Safe Division

Checks conditions to prevent division errors.

Conditional Execution

Runs code based on boolean evaluations.

Logical Operators

Operators that manipulate boolean values.

Expression Grouping

Using parentheses to control evaluation sequence.

Conditional Statement

A statement with one or more boolean expressions.

Boolean Expression

An expression that evaluates to true or false.

OR Operator (||)

True if at least one expression is true.

AND Operator (&&)

True only if all expressions are true.

Negation Operator (!)

Inverts the boolean value of an expression.

Parentheses in Conditions

Used for clarity in complex boolean expressions.

While Loop

Executes code block while condition is true.

Infinite Loop

A loop that never terminates.

Do-While Loop

Executes code block at least once before checking condition.

For Loop

Combines initialization, condition, and iteration in one line.

Loop Condition

The boolean expression that controls loop execution.

Code Block

The set of statements executed in a loop.

Variable Scope in For Loop

Count variable exists only within the loop.

Semicolon in While Loop

Should not be placed at the end of the statement.

Semicolon in Do-While Loop

Must be placed at the end of the while statement.

Loop Iteration

The process of executing the loop's code block.

Boolean Statement

A statement that results in a boolean value.

Condition Evaluation

The process of checking if a condition is true.

Readability in Code

Using parentheses improves code clarity and debugging.

Code Debugging

The process of identifying and fixing errors in code.

Variable Initialization

Setting a variable's initial value before use.

Control Flow

The order in which individual statements are executed.

Loop Execution

The repeated execution of a block of code.

Variable Name

Indicates the purpose of the variable.

For Loop

Repeats code while the condition is true.

Conditional Statement

Evaluates to determine loop execution.

Iterator

Changes variable value each loop iteration.

Increment Operator

Increases value by 1, e.g., ++.

Decrement Operator

Decreases value by 1, e.g., --.

Custom Iteration

Use +=, -=, *=, /= for different increments.

Infinite Loop

Occurs if condition never becomes false.

Forever Loop

Created with two semicolons in for loop.

While Loop

Ideal when loop end is unpredictable.

Do-While Loop

Executes code block before condition check.

Main Method

Manages program, calls other methods.

Method Declaration

Defines method structure and access.

Accessor

Specifies method visibility to other classes.

Public Accessor

Method accessible by any class.

Private Accessor

Method inaccessible to other classes.

Protected Accessor

Method accessible to subclasses only.

Return Type

Data type returned by the method.

Method Parameters

Inputs defined in parentheses of method.

Code Block

Enclosed in braces, contains method code.

First Iteration

Runs declaration and definition of variable.

Subsequent Iterations

Run conditional and iterator after first.

Loop Block

Code executed if condition is true.

Protected

Access modifier for subclasses and same package.

Static

Indicates class method versus instance method.

Return Type

Data type returned by a method.

Void

Indicates no data is returned by method.

Return Statement

Ends method execution and returns data.

Method Name

Descriptive identifier for a method's purpose.

Parameters

Input values required for method execution.

Method Signature

Combination of method name and parameter types.

Instance Method

Method called on an instance of a class.

Class Method

Method called on the class itself, not instances.

Primitive Data Types

Basic data types like int, double, boolean.

Object Data Types

Complex data types like String, Scanner, Integer.

Multiple Return Statements

More than one return statement in a method.

If Type Statement

Conditional statement that may contain return statements.

Method Declaration

Defines method name, return type, and parameters.

Internal Variable

Variable created within a method's scope.

Variable Scope

Lifetime and visibility of a variable in code.

Descriptive Naming

Using clear names for methods and variables.

Method Call

Invoking a method to execute its code.

Method Execution

Process of running a method's code.

Main Method

Entry point of a Java application.

Method Level

All methods exist at the same level in a class.

Parameter Data Type

Type specified before parameter name in declaration.

Method's Last Line

Should be a return statement unless void.

Method Signature

Defines method name and parameter data types.

Method Variable

Variable declared inside a method, limited scope.

Class Variable

Variable declared in class, accessible by all methods.

Parameter

Variable passed to a method for processing.

Method Overloading

Multiple methods with same name, different signatures.

Static Method

Method that belongs to the class, not instance.

Scope

Region where a variable is accessible.