Chapter 4 - The Gold Standard

memory palace

map of physical locations that someone can visit in a very specific order

improvement

==Study:==

Most factors music students had identified as being important to ____ were also seen as labour-intensive and not fun

improving

==Study:==

The best music students were motivated to practice intensely and with full concentration because they saw such practice as essential to _____ their performance

more

==Study:==

The best violin students has spent significantly _____ time doing solitary practice

best

==Study:==

Preteens and teens who could maintain and even increase their heavy practice schedule during these years ended up in the _____ violinist players

practice

==Study:==

For ballet dancers, there was a strong relationship between the reported amount of time spent on _____ and how high a dancer has risen in the world of ballet

gold

Deliberate practice is the ______ standard

objective

You need _____ ways to measure performance

incentive

The field must be competitive enough that performers have strong ______ to practice and improve

established

The field targeted by deliberate practice must be well _____, with the relevant skills having been developed over decades or centuries

performers

The field must have a subset of ______ who also serve as teachers and coaches

enjoyable

Improvement is often hard and not _____ while working for it

practice

Nobody develops extraordinary abilities without putting in tremendous amounts of _______

teacher

Deliberate practice requires a ______ who can provide practice activities designed to help a student improve their performance

purposeful

Deliberate practice is ______ practice that knows where it is going and how to get there

representations

Deliberate practice both produces and depends on effective mental _______

previously

Deliberate practice nearly always involves building or modifying _____ acquired skills by focusing on particular aspects of those skills and working to improve them specifically

predecessors

While digit-memory training isn’t deliberate practice in its strictest sense, it captures the most important element: learning from the best ______

biases

Subjective judgments are inherently vulnerable to all sorts of ______

criteria

In many fields, people who are widely accepted as experts are actually not expert performers when judged by objective ______

agree

Wine experts don’t even _____ with themselves

therapy

Licenses psychiatrists and psychologists were no more effective at performing ______ than laypeople who had received minimal training

quality

In many fields, it is the _______ of mental representations that sets apart the best from the rest

wrong

The rule that it takes ten thousand hours of practice to become a master in most fields is ________

varies

The number of hours of practice necessary to become a master ______ from field to field

improvements

We have found no limitations to the ______ that can be made with particular types of practice