HDEV Chapter 13: Early Adulthood - Physical and Cognitive Development

Vocabulary flashcards covering physical development, health, sexuality, cognitive theories, and career development stages in early adulthood based on the HDEV Chapter 13 lecture.

Emerging Adulthood

A period of development spanning the ages of $18$ to $25$ where young people in developed nations engage in extended role exploration.

Age of Identity Exploration

A stage of emerging adulthood where people aged $18$ to $25$ explore their romantic and career choices.

Age of Instability

A stage of emerging adulthood characterized by changes in jobs, romantic partners, and living arrangements.

Age of Self-focus

A stage of emerging adulthood where individuals are exceptionally self-focused and free to make their own decisions.

Age of Feeling In-between

A stage of emerging adulthood where individuals feel they are in transit between adolescence and full adulthood.

Age of Possibilities

A stage of emerging adulthood where individuals feel they have the opportunity to make dramatic changes in their lives.

Adaptive Thermogenesis

The process where the body converts food energy to heat at a lower rate when a person eats less, often cited as a cause of obesity.

Dysmenorrhea

Painful menstruation characterized by pelvic cramps and initiated by hormones called prostaglandins.

Prostaglandins

Hormones that cause muscles in the uterine wall to contract and may cause bloating due to fluid retention.

Amenorrhea

The absence of menstruation, which serves as a sign of infertility.

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

Discomforting symptoms affecting women during the $4$-$6$ day interval preceding their periods, involving psychological discomfort and physical aches.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

A condition characterized by premenstrual symptoms that are more severe than those found in PMS.

Acquaintance Rape

Sex with a nonconsenting person by the use of force or threat of force, accounting for $90\%$ of rapes; it is less likely to be reported to police.

Date Rape

A form of acquaintance rape that is specifically likely to occur when the couple has had too much to drink.

Sexual Harassment

Deliberate or repeated unwanted comments, gestures, or physical contact, often representing an abuse of power more than sexual desire.

Crystallized Intelligence

A form of intellectual ability that represents one’s accumulated intellectual attainments.

Fluid Intelligence

The cognitive ability to process information rapidly.

Epistemic Cognition

Thought processes directed at considering how one arrives at beliefs, facts, and ideas, as theorized by William Perry.

Dualistic Thinking

A thought process that involves dividing the cognitive world into opposites, such as right and wrong or good and bad.

Relativistic Thinking

The recognition that judgments made are not absolute but are instead based on religious or cultural contexts.

Pragmatic Thought

In Labouvie-Vief’s theory, decision making characterized by a willingness to accept reality and compromise.

Cognitive–Affective Complexity

A mature form of thinking that permits people to harbor both positive and negative feelings about their career choices and other matters.

Postformal Thinking

A stage of thinking beyond Piaget’s formal operations where young adults are more relativistic and capable of making commitments in a relativistic world.

Extrinsic Motives

External reasons for working, such as earning a paycheck and ensuring financial security.

Intrinsic Motives

Internal reasons for working, such as work ethic, self-identity, self-fulfillment, self-worth, socialization, and public roles.

Fantasy Stage

The first of Super’s stages of career development, dominating until age $11$, involving unrealistic conceptions of work.

Tentative Choice Stage

Super’s second stage of career development (age $11$ to high school) where choices are based on interests, abilities, and glamour.

Realistic Choice Stage

Super’s third stage of career development (after age $17$) where students weigh job requirements and rewards against their own interests and values.

Maintenance Stage

The stage in Super’s theory occurring in the mid-$30\text{s}$ where a person settles into their career role.

Retirement Stage

The final stage of Super’s career development where an individual leaves the workplace.