IAL Information Technology Unit 1

Flashcards based on IAL Information Technology Unit 1 Lecture Notes

What is a digital device?

An electronic device that can receive, store, process, or send digital information.

What are the physical parts of computing devices referred to as?

Hardware

What is an embedded system?

A computer system made from a combination of hardware and software used to perform a specific task.

What is the primary function of a smartphone?

To make phone calls, but smartphones are multifunctional devices.

What is convergence in the context of digital devices?

When devices adopt technologies and features from other types of devices.

What are some factors to assess the performance of digital devices?

Speed, Capacity, Portability, Bandwidth and Power efficiency

What is a SIM?

Subscriber Identity Module, used by mobile phones to connect to a mobile phone network.

What is a feature phone?

A mobile phone that incorporates features such as accessing the internet, storing and playing music, but lacks the advanced functionality of a smartphone.

What does GPS stand for and what does it do?

Global Positioning System, a global navigation satellite system that provides geolocation and time information.

What does RFID stand for and what is it?

Radio-Frequency Identification, a technology where digital data encoded in RFID tags are captured by a reader via radio waves.

What does NFC stand for and what does it do?

Near Field Communication, a method of wireless data transfer that enables technology in close proximity to communicate without an internet connection.

What is a QR code?

Quick Response code, a type of 2D bar code that is used to provide easy access to information through a smartphone.

What is firmware?

A software program or set of instructions programmed on a hardware device that provides the necessary instructions for how the device communicates with other computer hardware.

What is bandwidth?

The total maximum transfer rate of a network cable or device. It is a measurement of how fast data can be sent over a wired or wireless connection.

What is a bit?

A binary digit; each one or zero in the binary system.

What is a byte?

A group of eight bits.

What is Data Transfer Rate?

The rate that a certain amount of data is transferred over a given period in time.

what is a digital footprint?

A trail of data you create while using the Internet, including websites you visit, emails you send, social media, chats and information you submit to online services.

What does VOIP stand for?

Voice over Internet Protocol

What is TCP/IP?

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet.

What is an IP address?

A numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.

What two main things are included in an IT system?

Hardware and Software

What is a DFD?

Data Flow Diagram - a graphical representation of the 'flow' of data through an information system

What is SQL?

Structured Query Language - a programming language used for managing data in relational database management systems.

What is an ER Diagram?

Entity Relationship Diagram - a type of flowchart that illustrates how “entities” such as people, objects or concepts relate to each other within a system.

What is a primary key?

A field used to uniquely identify every record in a database.

What is a foreign key?

A primary key from one table that appears in another table to link the two together.

Name some network security issues

Hackers, Viruses, Spyware, Adware, Phishing, Spam, DOS Attacks

What is the definition of ethics?

External, objective, code of conduct, imposed by / on a group.

What is the definition of morals?

Internal, subjective, belief system of individual / group, self-imposed.

What is the difference between an update and an upgrade?

An update modifies your current product while an upgrade totally replaces it.

What is a Smart City?

A smart city is one that makes optimal use of all the interconnected information available today to better understand and control its operations and optimise the use of finite resources

What does DHCP stand for?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.

What is a firewall?

a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

What are the three different 'flavors' of VOIP service in common use today?

ATA, IP Phones, and Computer-to-computer.