Chapter 1 Intro to Med Terms E1 for HOSA SQT

Information synthesixed from Introduction to Medical Terminology 1st edition

medical terminology

helps health professionals communicate clearly and concisely about a patient's condition, treatments, and procedures

root word

part of the term that usually indicates a body part

combining vowel

attached to end of root word to make word more easy to pronounce. inserted when: linking word parts together to make easier to pronounce, between root words, between root word and consonant-beginning suffix. not inserted when: root word and then vowel-beginning suffix right after

combining form

root word plus combining vowel

prefix

beginning of word that usually indicates location, time, number, etc

suffix

attached to end of word, indicate conditions, diagnostic/surgical treatment, therapy, disease, etc

how do you read medical terms?

decode the meaning of each individual word part (i.e. prefix, root, suffix) and form into a phrase to create a meaning

plural for most med terms

-s or -es

plural for med terms ending in -a

-ae

plural for med terms ending in -ax

-aces

plural for med terms ending in -ex and -ix

-ices

plural for med terms ending in -is

-es

plural for med terms ending in -ma

-mata

plural for med terms ending in -on and -um

-a

plural for med terms ending in -us

-i

plural for med terms ending in -y

-ies

anter/o

front

arthr/o

joint

bi/o

life

cardi/o

heart

caud/o

tail

cephal/o

head

cervic/o

neck/cervix

col/o, colon/o

colon/large intestine

cost/o

rib

cyt/o

cell

dist/o

away from trunk/place of origin

dors/o

back of the body

enter/o

intestines (usually small)

gastr/o

stomach

glyc/o

sugar/glucose

hepat/o

liver

hist/o

tissue

infer/o

below

later/o

side

lip/o

fat

log/o

study of

medi/o

middle

my/o

muscle

neur/o

nerve

path/o

disease

poster/o

back of/behind

proxim/o

near the origin point/trunk

sarc/o

flesh/connective tissue

super/o

above

thorac/o

chest

ventr/o

belly side of body/ventral

viscer/o

internal organs

a-, an-

not, without

ante-

before

anti-

against

bi-

two/both

brady-

slow

endo-

in/within

epi-

on/over/upon

hyper-

above normal or excessive

hypo-

below normal or deficient

inter-

between

intra-

within/into

peri-

surrounding/around

sub-

below/under

supra-

above

tachy-

fast

trans-

across

-ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -iac, -ial, -ic, -ical, -ior

relating to

-algia

pain

-cyte

cell

-ectomy

surgical removal

-emia

blood condition

-gen

substance that produces

-ia

condition

-ine (n)

a substance

-ine (adj)

pertaining to

-itis

inflammation

-logist

someone who studies

-logy

study of

-megaly

enlargement

-oma

tumor/mass

-osis

abnormal condition

-pathy

disease

-plasty

surgical repair

-stomy

surgical opening

-tomy

process of cutting/incision

-um

structure/tissue/thing

anatomy

structure of body

physiology

function of body

pathophysiology

study of diseases in body

anatomical position

standing upright with head and palms facing forward

ventral/anterior

front of body

dorsal/posterior

back view

proximal

close to trunk

distal

far from trunk

medial

close to middle

lateral

closer to side

superior

top of body/head

inferior

bottom of body/ feet

sagittal plane

divides body laterally

transverse plane

divides superior/inferior

frontal plane

divides anterior/posterior

sarcoma is used to describe cancers in…

connective tissue (fat, bone, muscle, etc)