Chem Unit 7.2 (Lesson 11)

Acids and Bases

Acids

Solids and gases that are aqueous and add H+ ions when added to water, taste sour, conduct electricity, and can be corrosive

Bases

Solids and gases are aqueous and OH- when added to water, taste bitter, conduct electricity, slippery, can be caustic

pH

how many hydrogen ions an acid/base release (Potential of Hydrogen) lower the number stronger the acid 7 is neutral

pOH

How many hydroxide ions are released by an acid/base (Potential of Hydroxide) lower the number the stronger the Base

-log(M)

Calculation of pH/pOH

10^-pH or pOH

Concentration/Molarity from pH/pOH

Indicators

Changes colors when exposed to a certain pH

Conjugate Base

When the acid breaks down into H+, its the anion

Conjugate Acid

When the base breaks down into OH-, its the cation

Neutralization

When an acid and a base are added together and they cancel out to create salt* and water

Salt

When the cation and anion or conjugate base and conjugate acid combine

Titration

A method to determine the acidity or basic nature of a solution by adding a known mixture to an unknown mixture

Titrant

The known solution

Analyte

The unknown substance in the titration

M_A*V_A= M_B*V_B

Titration equation