Intro to Bandaging and Strapping

Should taping be used as a substitute for rehabilitation?

No, taping should never be used as a substitute for rehab.

What are the intended purposes of taping?

Pain reduction, injury or re-injury prevention, reduction of strain on injured or vulnerable tissues, and biomechanical correction.

What are some other intended purposes of taping, according to research?

Enhancement of proprioception and compression of oedema or lymphatic drainage, although research does not show absolute support for these.

What are the characteristics and uses of rigid strapping tape?

It is used to support joints, has a rigid construction with no give or elasticity, and comes in various sizes.

What are hypoallergenic undertapes or underwraps used for?

To provide protection to the skin, reduce the risk of skin irritation, and potentially increase the adhesion of the strapping.

What are cohesive tapes?

Extremely stretchy tapes that stick to themselves, used to secure wound coverings.

What is K-tape used for?

Proprioceptive feedback or if the patient wants it.

What should be considered regarding clinical reasoning before applying strapping?

The intent of the strapping, whether there is evidence for the technique, and the long-term plan.

What is important to ensure regarding patient consent before taping?

Explain what you are planning and why, ensure they understand the goal, and ask if they have any questions.

What is crucial about patient positioning for taping?

The patient must be in a comfortable position, and the joint being taped must be in the correct position, considering bed height and stools.

What skin checks should be performed before taping?

General skin condition (e.g., infection, eczema) and an allergy test (1 minute of tape on the inside of the upper arm).

How should the skin be prepared before taping?

It should be clean of oil, perspiration, and dirt (no moisturizer), and hair should be removed to prevent skin irritation with tape removal.

What optional item can be used to minimize blisters or irritation with tape?

Foam can be used.

What type of tape should be used for joint restriction?

A rigid, non-porous tape.

What type of tape should be used to provide proprioceptive compression?

An elastic tape.

What general sizes of rigid strapping tape are recommended for small joints like ankles (small), elbows, fingers, and toes?

25mm or 12.5mm.

What general sizes of rigid strapping tape are recommended for larger joints like ankles, knees, shoulders, and feet?

38mm or 50mm.

What general size of rigid strapping tape is specifically mentioned for shoulders and knees?

50mm.

How should tape be applied regarding measuring and tearing?

Measure and tear tape from the roll prior to applying to the skin; do not apply straight from the roll as it can pull on the skin.

How can you estimate the size of tape required before applying?

Turn the tape over to estimate the size you’ll require.

In what position should the joint be when applying tape?

Tape in the position in which the joint must be stabilized.

How should tape be laid down on the skin?

Smooth and mold tape as it is laid down.

What level of tightness should be aimed for when applying tape?

A firm handshake tightness.

What action can often help when applying tape?

Flexing muscles will often help.

How much should tape overlap each time it is applied?

Overlap ½ each time.

What aspects should be documented after applying tape?

Consent, type of tape, purpose of tape, and skin check.

What advice and education should be given to the patient regarding tape removal and irritation?

Remove tape if skin irritation or redness occurs; never pull off the tape forcefully, but pull gently and evenly; remove carefully by peeling it back on itself and pushing tape away from the skin; check for redness and skin irritation.

What are the contraindications to taping?

Allergy to taping materials, open wounds, active infection, or irritation of the area of skin to be taped, history of hypersensitive skin or pre-existing skin conditions (psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis), compromised circulation or sensation in the area, and no one available at home to remove tape if it causes irritation or discomfort.

What are the disadvantages of taping?

Incorrect taping can lead to blisters or tape cuts, the effectiveness of tape reduces after sport/activity, physiological dependency on tape can develop, and it can be expensive, especially with frequent use.

For what purposes are bandages applied?

To secure dressing, prevent or reduce swelling, support injured joints, ligaments, muscles, provide compression, and support areas exposed to excessive or repeated stress.

What are elastic bandages used for?

To hold a dressing in place, maintain pressure to control bleeding, support an injured limb or joint, and apply pressure.

What are the characteristics and benefits of self-adhering bandages (like Tubigrip)?

They provide compression and support, are easy to apply/reapply, come in a full range of sizes, and are washable and reusable.

What is a key practical application guideline for bandaging regarding overlap?

Overlap 50%.

In what direction should bandaging begin and move?

Begin distal, move proximal.

What should be checked post-application of a bandage?

Skin color, circulation, sensation, and movement.

When should a bandage be removed?

If there is any increase in pain or discomfort.

What should be avoided when applying a bandage?

Creases, wrinkles, or gaps.

What are the general steps for practical application of taping?

Explain the purpose and function to the patient and gain consent, position the patient, perform a skin check, make sure the skin is clean and dry, and shave the skin if required.