France terms Ch 1-2

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Get a hint
Hint

droit de remonstrance

Get a hint
Hint

parlement’s right to object to sovereign’s decisions

Get a hint
Hint

seigneurial/feudal system

Get a hint
Hint

system where farmers pay rent to a powerful landowner in exchange for land and protection

Card Sorting

1/41

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

42 Terms

1
New cards

droit de remonstrance

parlement’s right to object to sovereign’s decisions

2
New cards

seigneurial/feudal system

system where farmers pay rent to a powerful landowner in exchange for land and protection

3
New cards

bourgeois

‘town dweller’, often wealthier

4
New cards

tithe

paid to church, 10% of income

5
New cards

corvee

unpaid labour tax of peasants to feudal lord

6
New cards

taille

land tax

7
New cards

lettre de cachet

royal order for exile or imprisonment

8
New cards

capitation

population tax on each person

9
New cards

seigneur

powerful landowner with control over an area

10
New cards

parlement

courts which registered, managed and/or challenged laws

11
New cards

pays d’etat

provinces with some level of self-government, such as separate legal system and rights

12
New cards

venal position

a government/noble position bought by wealthy bourgeois to gain privilege

13
New cards

Enlightenment

european intellectual movement in C18th emphasising reason over tradition/religion

14
New cards

peasant

lives in countryside, relies on farming

15
New cards

generalites

administrative divisions of France

16
New cards

indirect taxes

imposed on goods, collected by ‘tax farmers’

17
New cards

First Estate

catholic clergy

18
New cards

absolute monarch

has complete, unrestricted power

19
New cards

don gratuit

voluntary gift paid from church to king

20
New cards

sovereign

supreme ruler

21
New cards

divine right

belief that a ruler’s power is granted by god

22
New cards

Second Estate

aristocrats — wealthy and privileged nobles

23
New cards

vingtieme

tax of 5% to government when extra money was needed (eg war) — 2nd and 3rd

24
New cards

ancien regime

the way France was governed before the revolution

25
New cards

Third Estate

commoners, including bourgeois, urban workers, and peasants

26
New cards

lit de justice

king’s visit to parlement, forces it to comply/register the law

27
New cards

banalites

tax paid by peasants for use of lord’s mill, oven, wine press, etc

28
New cards

feudal dues

dues to lord to rent farms — 3-25% of income

29
New cards

constitution

document outlining government structure and limiting sovereign’s/government’s power

30
New cards

separation of powers

legislative (making laws)/executive (passing laws)/judiciary (deciding if the law has been broken)

31
New cards

separation of church and state

  • no divine right rule

  • no state religion (ancien regime had catholicism)

  • no laws made by the church

32
New cards

Montesquieu ideas

  • separation of powers

  • against absolute government as despotism emerges

33
New cards

Montesquieu key quote - separation of powers

“When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty.”

34
New cards

Voltaire ideas

  • separation of church and state, religious toleration

  • freedom of speech

  • no tolerance of the intolerant

35
New cards

Voltaire key quote - freedom of thought

“Each citizen is to be permitted to believe and to think that which his reason rightly or wrongly dictates.”

36
New cards

Voltaire key quote - freedom of speech

“I disapprove of what you say but will defend to the death your right to say it.”

37
New cards

Voltaire quote - freedom of religion

“No priest should ever have the power to take from a citizen the least prerogative under the pretext that the citizen is a sinner.”

38
New cards

Rosseau ideas

  • born free and equal

  • social contract with government by common will

  • laws for liberty and equality

39
New cards

Rosseau key quote - lack of freedom in society

“Man was born free, and he is everywhere in chains. Those who think themselves the masters of others are indeed greater slaves than they.”

40
New cards

Legislative power

Making/creating laws

41
New cards

Executive power

Approving/passing laws

42
New cards

Judiciary power

Deciding if the law has been broken /(enforcing laws)