SLP Praxis: Developmental Milestones

Which development theory emphasizes that the child develops adult-like speech of his or her community through interactions with the caregiver?

Behavior Theory

What intelligibility expectations should a typically developing 4 year old have?

90-100%

Which theory proposes that phonological processes are innate processes that simplify the adult target words?

Natural Phonology Theory

Which stage of prelinguistic development can be described as speech-like sounds are rare, and most vocalizations are reflexive (ex: burping, coughing, crying). Some non-reflexive vowels or syllabic consonants may occur.

Phonation Stage

Phonation stage occurs in which age range?

Birth-1 month

This language specific milestone is acquired between 10-12 months

Begins to relate symbols and objects; uses first true words

The natural phonology theory was developed by

Stampe

Which stage of prelinguistic development can be described as: the infant is "playing" with the speech mechanism exploring his/her capabilities through such productions such as growls, squeals, yells and raspberries. Some consonant vowel (CV)-like combinations and vowel-like sounds may be produced

Expansion Stage

The Expansion Stage occurs at which age range?

4-6 months

What intelligibility expectations should a typically developing 2 year old have?

60-70%

Milestone that is acquired between 7-9 months

Uses variegated babbling

Which development theory encompasses these two rules:

1) Phonological descriptions are dependent on information from other linguistic levels

2) Phonological rules map underlying representations onto surface pronunciations

Generative Phonology Theory

Which stage of prelinguistic development can be described as: The infant continues to use adult-like syllables in CV sequences, but a variety of consonants and vowels appear in a single vocalization

Variegated or nonduplicated babbling stage

Variegated babbling occurs in which age range?

7-9 mos

What milestone is acquired between birth to three months?

Attends to and turns head toward voice

What milestone is acquired between 4-6 months?

Responds to name

What receptive language milestone is acquired between 10-12 months?

Understands up to ten words

T/F: Consonants are acquired before vowels

False (other way around)

T/F: Nasal consonants are among the earliest to be acquired between 1 and 4 years old

False (nasal consonants are among the earliest to be acquired between 2 and 4 years old)

T/F: Glides are typically mastered earlier than fricatives

True

T/F: Liquids are mastered between 3 and 7 years old

True

T/F: Fricatives and affricates are mastered later than stops and nasals

True

T/F: Consonant clusters are acquired early

False (Consonant clusters are acquired later than most sounds)

T/F: Fricatives are mastered first between 3 and 6 years old

False (Fricatives are mastered last)

At what age range does this milestone occur: vocalizes predominantly vowels

Birth- 3 months

At what age range does this milestone occur: comprehends "no"

7-9 months

At what age range does this milestone occur: gives blocks, toy or objects upon request

10-12 months

At what age range does this milestone occur: varies volume, pitch and rate of vocalization

4-6 months

At what age range does this milestone occur: begins to use gestural language (shakes head "no")

7-9 months

At what age range does this milestone occur: turns head instantly to own name

10-12 months

At what age range does this milestone occur: begins to produce adult-like vowels

4-6 months

At what age range does this milestone occur: quiets when picked up

Birth-3 months