Summer School Civics Exam Review Set 1

A bicameral legislature is made up of how many bodys?

Two

Aristotle believed that the citizenss of a successful state must

allow for a diversity of options

The nost important way in which the Greeks influenced American democracy was by allowing

citizens to participate in government

Where did democracy begin?

Greek city-states

How is government in the United States today different from government in ancient Athens?

The United State is a republic

Pericles claimed that the Athenian government, unlike other Greek city-states,

treated all its people fairly regardless of class

Which of these statements best describes the Greek city-states?

Each city-state had its own form of government

In what way did ancient Athens influence the framers of the United States Constitution?

The legislative branch in Athens had two main bodies.

A republic is a form of government where

elected officials represent the people.

Which principle of American government is reflected in this passage from the Bible?

equality of all citizens

In addition to Judeo-Christian principles, American government was influenced by principles first used in ancient Greece and in

Rome

Judeo-Christian principles refer to the religious beliefs and values held in common by

Christians and Jews.

A direct democracy is one in which all citizens

vote on important decisions.

All citizens in ancient Athens took part in government by voting in the

General Assembly.

Because the framers of the US Constitution were concerned about citizens having too much power, they

established a republic.

According to this excerpt, members of Parliament are allowed to

communicate opinions and ideas.

Which heading best fits in the empty box to the right?

Common Law

The English Bill of Rights declared that each member of Parliament had the right to

speak freely.

The English Bill of Rights put limits on the power of

the monarchy.

The Magna Carta was presented to King John in 1215 because people

were tired of his tyrannical rule.

An important effect of the Magna Carta on English government was that it

gave more power to the people and protected their rights.

The Magna Carta led to the creation of Parliament, England’s

legislative branch.

William Blackstone was important because he

created a record of common law.

According to the English Bill of Rights, who makes laws regarding taxation?

Parliament

The divine right of kings is best described as a belief that

a king's authority to rule comes from God.

John Locke thought people were neither good nor bad naturally. How did Hobbes’s views differ from Locke’s?

Hobbes thought people were naturally violent.

How did the philosophers of the Enlightenment view the relationship between government and the governed?

as mutually beneficial for people and government

How did Niccolo Machiavelli’s ideas contribute to Enlightenment thinking?

He examined human nature outside of religion.

Enlightenment thinking on government included

taking a secular approach. 

Which factors contributed to the beginning of the Enlightenment movement? Check all that apply.

the age of science and scientific inquiry

the age of reason-based inquiry

the advancement in all areas of human interest

Under what circumstances did John Locke think it would be acceptable for the people to overthrow the government?

If the government violated the social contract, the people could overthrow the government.

According to John Locke, _________ must respect the rights of the citizens.

rulers

What did philosophers of the Enlightenment have faith in, believing it could answer questions and solve problems?

human reason

The key idea of John Locke’s Enlightenment theory was to protect and enhance the freedoms and rights of

the individual.

Which act could be considered an acceptance of the social contract?

observing traffic laws in exchange for driving on the highway

Locke argued that all humans are born with what natural rights?

life, liberty, property

How did the Enlightenment’s theories of government view the role of government?

as useful

Why did Montesquieu advocate the separation of powers?

to limit the power of any single group or person

According to the quote, ______ is lost if one person has too much power.

freedom

John Locke believed that natural rights

do not come from the government.

What must people provide in order to be governed under a social contract?

rational consent to the government

What did the philosophers of the Enlightenment seek to understand?

the natural rights governing human behavior and society

Which statement best explains an Enlightenment position on the divine right to rule?

If only one person has the authority to rule, then no one else, even members of government, may have authority, so divine right undermines civil society.

Enlightenment thinkers questioned

government authority.

Which Enlightenment concept does this chart illustrate?

separation of powers

Which best describes Alexis de Tocqueville?

He was a French historian and political scientist who championed “uniquely American” values such as egalitarianism.

Which of the following principles did the Founders use as part of the basis for the Constitution?

popular sovereignty

Which of the following is the best example of populism?

A government allows its people to govern themselves.

De Tocqueville’s travels throughout the United States led him to conclude that it was

a unique country.

Which statement best describes the republican form of government that the Founding Fathers envisioned?

a government run by people elected to lead the country

The concept of voting rights is based on

popular sovereignty.

De Tocqueville observed the laissez-faire government in the United States, which meant that the government

stayed out of people’s affairs.

During his trip to the United States, Alexis de Tocqueville observed that Americans

believed in the idea of populism.

A social contract is an agreement between

a government and its citizens.

The Enlightenment thinker Baron de Montesquieu came up with the idea of

the separation of the government’s powers.

A similarity between the separation of powers, the system of checks and balances, and federalism is that they

are all ways that the Constitution limits government power.