wk 11 - Pearson Correlation Coefficient

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the Pearson correlation coefficient and statistical analysis.

Correlation

A statistical measure that expresses the extent to which two variables are linearly related.

Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r)

A measure that calculates the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two continuous variables.

Strength of Correlation

Determined by the consistency with which changes in one variable are associated with changes in another variable.

Null Hypothesis (H0)

The hypothesis stating that there is no linear association between two variables.

Alternative Hypothesis (H1)

The hypothesis stating that there is a linear association between two variables.

Coefficient of Determination (r²)

Describes the proportion of variance in one variable that can be explained by the other variable.

Statistical Significance

A determination that the result observed in a study is unlikely to have occurred due to chance alone, typically established using a p-value.

Regression Analysis

A statistical method for investigating the relationships between variables, aiming to define the best-fit line for the data.

Two-tailed Test

A hypothesis test that considers both directions of the relationship and tests for deviations on either side of the null hypothesis.

Degrees of Freedom (df)

The number of independent values or quantities which can be assigned to a statistical distribution; calculated as n - 2 for correlation.