Sectionalism/Manifest Destiny/Mexican War, The Civil War, The Road to the Civil War

These two sisters were the only white southerners to become abolitionist leaders.

Sarah Grimke and Angelina Grimke Weld

What is the name that God wants America to move west?

Manifest Destiny

What coordinates were a campaign slogan regarding the boundary of Oregon?

The latitude line of 54 degrees, 40 minutes. "Fifty-four forty or fight" was the popular slogan.

Who was considered a "dark horse" candidate in the 1844 election?

President James K. Polk

Who was president when Texas was annexed?

President James K. Polk

What was the final dividing line of Oregon?

49th parallel

What main issue arose quickly between Texans and the Mexican government?

Texan immigrants (from the US) were slaveholding protestants which clashed with the Mexican government's slavery ban and required switch to catholicism.

What three things did the Missouri Compromise do?

Admitted Maine as a free state, Missouri as a slave state, and made all western territories north of Missouri's southern border free soil

This was a plan for federal support of internal improvements, a strong tariff and a national bank?

Henry Clay's American System

He wrote The Liberator, and was the first major abolitionist.

William Lloyd Garrison

What war took place from 1846 to 1848?

The Mexican-American War

Who was the American Captain that moved for California's independence?

Captain John C. Fremont

What did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo do?

Ended the war between the United States and Mexico

What four states became part of the US because of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

New Mexico, California, Nevada, and Arizona

When was gold discovered in CA?

January 24, 1848

What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

Law passed as part of the Compromise of 1850 that required slaves be returned to their masters even if they're in free states

What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Repealed the Missouri Compromise, created two new territories, and allowed for popular sovereignty; led to "Bleeding Kansas"

The Republican Party was formed in response to what?

Kansas-Nebraska Act

What was the Ostend Manifesto?

A document that stated that America wanted to purchase Cuba from Spain

What was the Dred Scott decision?

Supreme Court upheld slavery in United States territories, denied the legality of black citizenship in America, and declared the Missouri Compromise to be unconstitutional

What was the Gadsden Purchase?

Purchase of south Arizona and New Mexico by the United States for $10m

What was the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty?

Agreement that stated that both the US and the UK were not to colonize nor control any Central American republic

What did Commodore Perry do?

Naval officer who commanded the USS Mississippi during the Mexican American war, capturing multiple cities in the process (Frontera, Tampico, Tuxpan, San Juan Bautista, etc). Also participated in gunboat diplomacy with Japan to force open their ports for trade.

What was Lincoln intending to do when he sent ships to Fort Sumter

to replenish supplies

What year did South Carolina secede

1860

What year did the Civil War begin

1861

Why did the South have such a financial hardship during the war

The Confederate economy was mainly agricultural, and wasn't fit to finance a war which relied on technology.

What was the Trent Affair

International Incident where a US warship stopped a British ship (the Trent) north of Cuba and captured 2 confederate generals, and the British were angry as they were supposed to be neutral. Significance: confirmed the British were willing to maintain their neutrality.

Why didn't any foreign country recognize the Confederacy

The Confederacy didn't have many victories to help prove the success of their hope of becoming an independent nation. In addition, slavery was linked to the Confederacy, which at the time was abolished in many foreign places.

Which side had more resources for the war

Union

Who won the first battle of the Civil War

Confederates

Who was the commanding general for the South

Robert E. Lee

What was the name of Lincoln's plan to strangle the South economically

Anaconda Plan

Who was the Vice President of the Confederacy

Alexander H. Stephens

Who was the winning general at the battle of Antietam

George B. Mclellan

Who was the Union Admiral that steamed into New Orleans in April 1862

David G. Farragut

What did the 2nd Confiscation Act do

Gave freedom to slaves of confederate officials and civilians IF the area was occupied by union forces

Who was the Secretary of State during Lincoln's administration

William Henry Seward

What did the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation warn

If the Confederacy does not stop fighting and rejoin the Union by Jan. 1 1863, all slaves in those states will be freed

What year did slavery come to an end in the entire Western Hemisphere

1888

Who was freed by the Emancipation Proclamation

The only people freed from the Emancipation Proclamation were those not under control of the Union. Those who were living under the Confederacy were freed. (approx. 4 million slaves freed)

The Supreme Court in the case Ex Parte Milligan declared what

Declared civilians couldn't be tried in military courts when civilian ones are still operating and suspension of habeas corpus was not constitutional.

How many acres of land did the Homestead Act offer for free to settlers in the West

160

What act helped the states in establishing "agricultural and mechanic colleges?"

Morrill Land Grant College Act

Who was the president of the Confederate States of America

Jefferson Davis

What was the importance of Gettysburg

Gettysburg, look place in southern Pennsylvania. As the largest battle in the civil war from July 1 to July 3rd 1863, this battle was a victory for the Union. As the largest battle, it became a turning point in history where it had the highest cost of lives lost and a place for which President Abraham Lincoln would create his Gettysburg Address.

What was the importance of Vicksburg

Was a strategic battle for the Union, who won this battle taking control of the Mississippi River. In addition, this battle cut the Confederacy into two

What is scorched earth policy

Damage infrastructure and everything an enemy can use to fight a war, used by Sherman on his march to the sea

What did Republicans label those northerners who were opposed to the war

Copperheads

What was the largest battle ever fought in the North American continent

Battle of Gettysburg

Who was the Democratic candidate for President in 1864

George Mclellan

When did Congress approve the Thirteenth Amendment

January 31, 1865

Where did Lee surrender

Appomattox Courthouse

What was the significance of the Monitor vs. Merrimack battle

First battle between two ironclads

Who were three Generals that Lincoln went through before settling on Grant

Winfield Scott, George McClellan and Henry Halleck

How did Lincoln expand executive power

Lincoln had helped to change the role of the President during the United States as a commander in chief and chief executive to hold full power over Congress and the other branches of government

What is habeas corpus

Can't detain citizens without a lawful cause

What was the Massachusetts 54th Regiment

First Black regiment to be raised and fight in the Civil War

Why did Lincoln come to Gettysburg

Memorialize the Union dead and dedicate a national military cemetery to the Union soldiers

Where was President Lincoln mortally wounded at

Ford's Theatre

Who shot President Lincoln

John Wilkes Booth

What day did President Lincoln die

April 15, 1865

What were the two ships involved in an 1862 sea battle

USS Monitor and CSS Virginia/Merrimack

What year was the Battle of Antietam

1862

What year was the Emancipation Proclamation issued

1863

What city had draft riots in 1863

New York City

What general marched to the sea in 1864

General William Tecumseh Sherman

What amendment ended slavery

13th amendment

What major issue came with acquiring these new states from the Mexican War?

Deciding whether they would be slave or free states

What was the proposal to solve the slavery question with America's newly gained territory?

Wilmot Proviso

What is the idea that people in a territory should decide if it is free or slave?

Popular sovereignty

What was the most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850?

Fugitive Slave Act

Who came up with the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Stephen Douglass

What political party collapsed after 1854?

The Whigs

What were greenbacks?

Name given to paper money issued by the government during the Civil WAr

What is nativism?

Belief that native-born Americans are superior to foreigners; movement based on hostility to immigrants, especially Irish & Catholic ones

What was the main platform of the Know-Nothing party?

Keep native-born White Anglo-Saxon Protestants in power instead of the incoming Irish/German catholic immigrants. (nativism)

Which religion did the Know Nothings particularly hate?

Catholicism (one of the reasons why they didn't like the Irish)

The Republican Party was a coalition of what 4 groups?

Free Soil, Know Nothing, Antislavery Democrats, Northern Whigs

What happened between Preston Brooks and Charles Sumner?

Sumner advocated for abolitionism in Congress, and Preston Brooks beat and injured him with a cane.

Who was the Chief Justice in the Dred Scott decision?

Chief Justice Roger Taney

What did the Dred Scott decision declare about the Missouri Compromise?

It is unconstitutional

What is the name of the pro-slavery constitution of Kansas?

Lecompton Constitution

What abolitionist raided the weapons arsenal at Harpers Ferry in 1859?

John Brown

Why did the raid at Harpers Ferry fail?

Not enough slaves took up arms, a key part of Brown's original plan.

What was the significance of Uncle Tom's Cabin?

It exposed Northerners to the horrors of slavery and motivated the anti-slavery movement.

What was the Crittenden Compromise?

Unsuccessful attempt to enshrine slavery in the Constitution