Orgo Ch. 4 HW

The following reaction is an example of which reaction type?

substitution

Identify whether the following structures are considered to act as an electrophile or as a nucleophile. 

1. NH₂^-

2. Ag⁺

3. H⁺

4. H^-

5. (attached image)

1. nucleophile

2. electrophile

3. electrophile

4. nucleophile

5. electrophile

Name the following molecule using IUPAC naming rules. Include E/Z in your naming. 

(Z)-4-isopropyl-1,3-heptadiene

(Z because opposite sides have first priority, hepta because 7 is the longest chain, -diene because 2 double bonds at 1 & 3, isopropyl at position 4)

Which of the substitutions, when replacing the pink question mark (see below), would be ranked as the higher priority group on the left carbon of the alkene? Choose all that apply. (5% penalty for each incorrect answer). 

Which of the following is true pertaining to alkene structure and bonding (considering a carbon that is only participating in one double bond)? Select all that apply. (5% penalty for each incorrect answer). 

a. The molecular shape of the alkene carbon is linear.

b. The bond angle around an alkene carbon is approximately 180 degrees.

c. The bond angle around an alkene carbon is approximately 120 degrees.

d. The alkene carbon is sp² hybridized. 

e. The alkene carbon is sp hybridized. 

f. The bond angle around an alkene carbon is approximately 109 degrees.

g. The molecular shape of the alkene carbon is trigonal planar.

h. The alkene carbon is sp³ hybridized. 

i. The molecular shape of the alkene carbon is tetrahedral.

c. The bond angle around an alkene carbon is approximately 120 degrees.

d. The alkene carbon is sp² hybridized. 
g. The molecular shape of the alkene carbon is trigonal planar.

Give the name of the product of the following reaction.

1-bromo-3-methylcyclopentane

(pentene → pentane, bromine is attached to where bond was and gets first priority, the methyl is still there)

Give the IUPAC name for the molecule given below. 

5-ethyl-2-methylhept-3-yne

(-yne because triple bond, hept- because 7 is longest chain, methyl group at 2, ethyl group at 5, triple bond at 3)

How many different structures can be drawn with the formula C₄H₈? (HINT: consider stereochemistry). 

6

What is the IUPAC name of the structure given below?

6-ethyl-1-methylcyclohexene

(cyclohexene because it’s a hexane ring but with a double bond, the direction of numbering goes counterclockwise because if we give position 1 to methyl we have to reach the other side of the double bond on 2 before going to ethyl, so ethyl would be at position 6)

Select all of the following statements that are true about catalysts in chemical reactions. (5% penalty for each incorrect answer). 

a. Catalysts increase the rate of a reaction. 

b. Catalysts provide an alternate pathway in a chemical reaction. 

c. Catalysts lower the activation energy for the step(s) in the reaction. 

d. Catalysts are regenerated over the course of the reaction. 

e. Using a catalyst will result in producing different final product(s) compared to the the uncatalyzed reaction. 

f. Catalysts lower the energy of the products. 

g. Catalysts generate different intermediates than the uncatalyzed reaction. 

h. Catalysts lower the energy of the reactants. 

a. Catalysts increase the rate of a reaction. 

b. Catalysts provide an alternate pathway in a chemical reaction. 

c. Catalysts lower the activation energy for the step(s) in the reaction. 

d. Catalysts are regenerated over the course of the reaction.

g. Catalysts generate different intermediates than the uncatalyzed reaction.